Instrumental Analysis

This course aims to provide knowledge of the most important instrumental methods of analysis, namely chromatographic, spectral and electrochemical analysis; to introduce the principles of the methods, the use for quantitative and qualitative analysis of the samples. It also aims to provide understanding of instrumentation and the potential and limitations of various methods; a capability to evaluate relations and differences between different methods, to select the most appropriate solution for a given analytical problem; to evaluate the results of the analysis. After completion of the course students will demonstrate understanding and have practical experience in the use of various techniques for sample analysis.

The aim of the course is to acquaint with the main methods of instrumental analysis (chromatography, spectral analysis and electrochemistry), their theoretical foundations, their use in qualitative and quantitative analysis of samples, advantages and disadvantages.

Inorganic and analytical chemistry, Organic and bioorganic chemistry

1. Analytical process. Review of the methods of instrumental analysis 2. Instrumental methods of analysis. Their importance in biotechnology. Introduction to chromatography. Principles of chromatographic separations of substances. 3. Chromatographic methods for classification. The main characteristics of the chromatographic process. 4. Gas chromatography and its principles, use of equipment. Identification and quantification methods of gas chromatography. 5. High-performance liquid chromatography. Equipment. Detectors used in liquid chromatography. Chromatographic phase system. 6. Electrophoresis: electrophoretic separation types, principles and applications. 7. Selection of separation methods of compounds for isolation, purification and analysis. 8. Spectroscopic methods in bioanalysis. Electromagnetic radiation. Atomic absorption spectroscopic analysis principles. Flame photometry. 9. Molecular Absorption Spectroscopy. UV, visible and IR molecular absorption spectroscopic analysis. 10. Fluorimetric analysis. Chemiluminescent analysis. Refractometry, polarimetry, nephelometry, turbidimetry theoretical principles. 11. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. 12. Mass spectrometric analysis and its principles. Spectrometric techniques for the analysis. 13. Conductometric, electrogravimetric and coulometric analysis. 14. Potentiometric analysis principles. Voltammetric analysis. 15. Electrochemical methods of analysis use of biological materials for analysis. Chemical sensors and biosensors. Practical work (contents): Atomic spectral analysis, Molecular Absorption Spectroscopy, Refractive index analysis, Polarimetric analysis, Conductometric analysis, Potentiometric analysis, Electrophoresis, Liquid chromatography elution modes, Quantitative high-performance liquid chromatography, Gas chromatography - mass spectrometry.

In the study of the subject, students will acquire the following skills: • Assess the factors that affect the quality of the analysis; • Evaluate the properties of the test substance and choose the test method accordingly; • Describe the advantages and disadvantages of the main methods of instrumental analysis and the possibilities of their application; • To apply the theory of instrumental analysis in practical work, performing quantitative and qualitative analysis of the research sample; • Work with basic instrumental analysis instruments; • Perform mathematical processing of analysis data, estimate analysis errors; • Summarize the results of the analysis and formulate conclusions.