Anatomy, Morphology and Systematics of Embriophytes

Introduction to botany. Reproduction of embriophytes. Diversity of structure of plant cells. Main tissues: meristems, dermatal, mechanical, parenchymic tissues, phloem, xylem, secretory. Organs of plant body: the root, the shoot, the leaf, the flower, the inflorescence, the seed, the fruit. Classification of plants: historical and novadays methodology. An overview of green plant phylogeny. Plant systematic ranks and taxons. Bryophytes. Cryptophytes – seedless vascular plants. Seed plants. Gymnosperms. Historical and APG classifications of angiosperms. Plants and environment. Plants and people.

To get acquainted with the anatomical and morphological diversity of the most important systematic groups of germ plants at the cellular, tissue, organ and organism level and the classification based on modern molecular genetics

General biology course.

1. Introduction to germplasm biology: history, problems, perspectives 2. History and modern methods of classification of the plant world, ranks and taxa of plant systematics. 3. The diversity of the structure of plant cells and the characteristics that distinguish them from other organisms. 4. Classification of plant tissues. Manufacturing, covering fabrics 5. Columnar, parenchymal, secretory tissues. 6. Circulating tissues. Wood. Carniena. Stela. 7. External and internal structure of pollen. Palynology. 8. Seeds, sprouts, their external and internal structure. 9. Organography. Homologous and analogous organs. Changed organs. Roots, stems, their external and internal structure. 10. Leaves, flowers, inflorescences, their external and internal structure. 11. Comparative characteristics of germinal plants. Life forms. Hairdressers. Moss. Ylvaise 12. Patches and monilophytes 13. Comparative characteristics of gymnosperms, families, most important representatives 14. True dicotyledons, representatives of the most important order, family of thorny and astral phylogenetic branches 15. Monocotyledons, their most important orders, families, representatives lab works 1. Diversity of the internal structure of plant cells 2. Manufacturing, covering, pillar and circulation fabrics 3. Morphological and anatomical structure of moss gametophyte and sporophyte 4. Morphological and anatomical structure of the organs of sedges and monilophytes. Structure of reproductive organs of gymnosperms and angiosperms. 5. Diversity of external and internal structure of roots and leaves 6. Diversity of the morphological and anatomical structure of stems 7. Morphological diversity of flowers, inflorescences, fruits. Description of plants

Will obtain knowledge concerning: a) morphology, anatomy, origin, and systematics of Embriophytes, their role in the nature and importance for human; b) the most important plants of Lithuania; c) the most advanced classifications of plants on the bases of molecular biology; d) distinctive features among kingdoms, features of land plants; d) importance of plant biology, methods of investigation of these groups of organisms, historical and individuals development of plants Will understand: a) essentials of plant biology, methods of investigation, relationships between plant biology and biology of other organisms; b) developmental and evolutionary mechanisms of various taxonomic groups of Embriophytes also factors influencing these processes; c) conception of diversity of plants and necessity to protect it; d) uniformity of structural, functional, biochemical and molecular characters of plants; e) essentials of main research methods of Plant Biology, with the purpose to explore them for the future teaching and research work; f) perspectives of Plant Sciences Will be able: a) to deal with thalomic structure of part of representatives of bryophytes and internal and external structure of the tissue, organ; peculiarities of plant cell, b) to distinguish gymnosperms from angiosperms, monocots from core dicots, Rosids and Asterids according to the structure of vegetative and reproduction organs; c) to characterize main systematic groups of green plants according to their structure and reproduction; d) to relate knowledge about Embryophytes with microbial, algae, fungi and animal data; e) to select the best model plants for research, to identify taxonomical position; f) to manipulate easily with terminology in plant systematics, morphology and anatomy; d) to apply knowledge for special research needs and solution of important biological problems