Ryšių tarp žmogaus organizmo įvairių požymių paieška yra viena iš aktualių problemų, kurią nagrinėjant galima geriau pažinti tam tikru laikotarpiu irtam tikromis sąlygomis gyvenančio žmogaus vystymosi, egzistencijos ypatumus. Tyrimo tikslas - ištirti 20-22 metų fiziškai ir protiškai aktyvių vyrų fizinio išsivystymo, fizinių gebėjimų ir kai kurių funkcinių rodiklių tarpusavio ryšius. Tirti 36 VPU studentai, kurių amžius buvo 20-22 metai. [...]

Specific qualities of competitive performance observed in different sports demand that athletes demonstrate definite special characteristics. Training and competitive performance provokes different adaptive changes within athletes' organisms. There are some sports giving preference to tall athletes. However in the greater part of sports, remarkable results may be achieved also by medium-height or even short athletes. To compare the specific influence produced by separate sports on athletes' organisms, it would be necessary to choose study groups involving athletes similar in terms of height characteristics. Study purpose was to examine specific characteristics of physical development, physical skills, and definite functions demonstrated by high performance athletes, very similar in their body height yet very different in terms of performed sport activity; and to carry out a corresponding comparative analysis. Our study involved 48 high performance athletes practising different sports. All of them were either member candidates or full members of Lithuanian Olympic Team: kayakers and canoeists (k/c) (n=12); - skiers and biathlonists (n=12); cyclists (n=12); and master team football players (n=12).). There was determined that body height and most other indices of physical development and capacity demonstrated by Lithuanian high performance athletes practising different sports differ slightly. It was only kayakers and canoeists who surpassed others in their body built and muscle power which allowed them to get among the leading athletes of the world. It was found that athletes' muscle mass was closely related to SMCP, AAMP, and high jump indices. Development of the mass of special muscles is one of the vital factors for the improvement of muscle power at short work. The study revealed problems existing in the area of selection and training of Lithuanian high performance athletes. This information may help elaborate further training of athletes...

Psychomotoric functions were analyzed by establishing the duration of simple psychomotoric reaction to light stimulus and minimal movement frequency in 10-s. The methods of the research are set out by Skernevičius, Raslanas, Dadelienė (2004). It was estimated that somatic and physiometric indices of physical development of Lithuanian boys of age 15-16, who attend football trainings, are very close to the indices of those of the same age who are less physically active. Analysed young football players did not have high indices of running speed, high jump and quickness. The indices of anaerobic power also were not any higher than those with low physical activity. Comparative indices of VO2max were equal to the data of Lithuanian schoolchildren research. Functional capacity of blood circulation system was at average level. The data of psychomotoric research did not have considerable supremacy over non-trained persons. The very essential problem of football players’ selection and purposeful training have been highlighted. Lithuanian Football Federation and other sport organizations, with the help of scientific institutions, should pay attention to it. Reference value scales of physical development, physical and functional capacity will help to do better selection of youngsters to football schools and to evaluate their preparedness development better.

The aim of the research was to analyse the correlation between high performance rowers‘ 2000 m distance rowing time-span and their physical development, physical and functional capacity indices. 2009 Nr. 2(56) 29 14 Lithuanian national team rowers and young rowers of Olympic Reserve group between age 18 and 26 were tested at the end of four-year Olympic cycle of 2008. The main physical development indices of height, body mass, hands power, VLC, muscle mass were established (Dadelienė, 2008). Physical capacity was measured by establishing single muscular contraction power (SMCP), anaerobic alactic muscular power (AAMP) (step ergometry), special 10-s working power was established with rowing ergometer (Concept II). Working power of anaerobic threshold (AT) was estimated while working on this ergometer when lactate blood concentration had reached 4 mmol/l. Working power was estimated at the critical intensity limit (CIL) (VO2max). Functional capacity of circulatory system was analysed by applying Roufier test (RT), by establishing pulse rate (PR) while lying, by establishing blood haemoglobin (Hb) concentration (Skernevičius, Raslanas, Dadelienė, 2004). Special preparedness for the 2000 m distance rowing was settled after rowing programmed 2000 m distance on rowing ergometer; the results of 6000 m distance rowing in control competition were fixed, too. The statistical method of linear correlation (Pierson) was applied aiming to establish analysed indices correlation. Reliability of correlation coefficient was estimated accordingly: r = 0,46-0,57 (p<0,05), r = 0,58- 0,68 (p<0,01), r = 0,69 and more (p<0,001). The method of regression analysis was applied, too (Gonestas, Strielčiūnas, 2003). There is a reliable correlation of physical development indices among heights, general body mass, muscle mass and 2000 m rowing index. [...]

hearing deficiency their physical development does not match physical development of healthy basketball players that is why their physical powers, quality of psychomotoric functions, and functional capacity start to play an important role. The body mass of basketball players with hearing deficiency correlates with relative anaerobic alactic muscle power and with absolute 30-s term working capacity. Particularly strong link exists between body mass, muscle mass and relative anaerobic alactic glycolytic power (p<0,001 and p<0,01). Indices of physical and functional powers of basketball players with hearing deficiency who play in different positions (forward and guard) differ significantly from the average of whole team players’ indices. There is significant distinction in functional capacity of guard’s blood circulation and respiratory system revealing index – Roufier index - that is receded from the average of team players in 2,0 standard deviations.

Swimmers’ VLC average exceeded averages of adult girls; fat mass was significantly smaller, it was particularly small in R. M. and it did not prevent her from healthy physical development and reaching great physical capacity. Our established exceptional R. M. muscle contraction speed leads to a statement that her muscle contain a large amount of rapidly contracting fibres and this was the basis to develop high single muscular contraction power leading her to gain advantage when taking starts from swimming tower. Exceptional R. M. functional capacity of blood circulation system and ability quickly to recover after physical loads, comparing to other swimmers of her age, ensured possibilities for her to execute intensive physical loads and better to adapt them. Only wide complex analysis enables to establish the level of the most significant swimmers’ physical and functional powers and use it as the basis to anticipate the development of their sport achievements.

Research results have revealed that the consumption of dietary supplement Multi Maca had positive influence on athletes’ physical capacity when performing short-duration work; however this increase was not considered to be statistically reliable. Testees’ of experimental group SMCP, AAMP, maximum instantaneous power when performing 10-s duration work, and average power of this work had increased. Our research results demonstrate that consumption of dietary supplement Multi Maca had more influence on experimental group participants’ functional capacity of blood circulation and on indices of aerobic endurance than it had on control group participants.

During the yearly training cycle, starting from preparatory period beginning and up to the competitive period, maximal and mean absolute and relative anaerobic alactic muscle capacity experienced an equal increase: 9.3 percent for S.R., 9.3 percent for R.M., the relative capacity – respectively 8.7 percent and 9.1 percent, while mean working capacity of the athletes in 10 sec duration work used to increase respectively: 9.4 and 8.8 percent for S.R., and 9.2 and 9.0 percent for R.M., which influenced paddle capacity. The training load, applied during yearly training cycle, was of positive influence on the change of aerobic capacity indices at ATL and CIL. The level of those indices is in correspondence with the strongest world rowers’ level indicated in literature sources. The indices of the both athletes’ body and functional capacities during yearly training cycle became very similar in parameters due to applied training load and character of competitions. This is a desirable phenomenon in double sculls rowing sport, as the victory of event is determined by equal high physical capacities possessed by both rowers.

According to the research results, consumption of natural biologically active food supplements Linchzhi and Fohow Oral Liquid complex for 20 days had positive influence on single muscle contraction power, anaerobic alactic glycolytic power of the investigated; statistically significant increase of the latter was established during the experimental period. The food supplements complex had a positive impact on the functional condition of blood respiratory system of the investigated. Ruffier index of the experimental group members during the period of food supplements consumption used to increase from 6.4 ± 0.6 to 4.4 ± 0.7, while resting heart rate decreased from 65.6 ± 1.7 to 58.9 ± 2.0 b/min. After the carried standard physical work, pulse rate decreased from 128.5 ± 2.4 till 118.4 ± 2.5 b/min (p < 0.01). Aerobic capacity of the athletes has increased due to the food supplements consumption: VO2 max shifted from 42.0 ± 8.2 to 49.7 ± 7.8 ml/min/kg (p < 0.05). During the period of the experiment, there were no significant changes established in blood morphological and biochemical indices, and all the indices of the control group members were of less change.