Tyrimuose dalyvavo 35 sportininkai. Ištirta jų faktinė mityba, energijos sąnaudos ir fizinis išsivystymas. Visi tiriamieji suskirstyti į tris grupes pagal jų sportinį meistriškumą ir treniruotės krūvio dydį. Baltymų kiekis visų grupių vidutiniuose maisto racionuose pakankamas. Dėl labai didelių baltymų kiekio svyravimų individualiuose maisto racionuose (nuo 0,8 g iki 2,8 g kilogramui kūno masės) reikia griežtai individualizuoti baltyminio maisto papildo vartojimą. Daugiausia angliavandenių suvartoja didžiausio sportinio meistriškumo grupės sportininkai. Per didelę viso anglavandenių kiekio dalį (2/3 ir daugiau) sudaro mono- ir disacharidai. Visų trijų grupių sportininkų maisto racione daug riebalų ir cholesterolio. Individualiuose tiriamųjų racionuose riebalų kiekis svyruoja nuo normalaus (94 g) iki 3 kartus viršijančio normalų (295g). Bendras gaunamas su maistu energijos kiekis viršija tiriamųjų energijos išlaidos. Didžiau sią paros energijos dalį sportinei veiklai sunaudoja didelio sportinio meistriškumo tiriamieji - 27,9%, mažiau - 27,2% - vidutinio ir mažiausiai – 16,2% - mažo sportinio meistriškumo sportininkai. Visų tirtųjų sportininkų racionų vitaminų sudėtis nepatenkinama, išskyrus artimą rekomendacijoms vitaminų E, B]2 ir H kiekį. Iš mineralų maisto racionų sudėtyje trūksta magnio, kitų elementų kiekiai atitinka subalansuotos mitybos reikalavimus. Antropometriniai tyrimai rodo, kad reguliariai treniruojantis dideliais fiziniais krūviais racionaliau sunaudojamas gaunamos su maistu energijos perteklius.

Ryšių tarp žmogaus organizmo įvairių požymių paieška yra viena iš aktualių problemų, kurią nagrinėjant galima geriau pažinti tam tikru laikotarpiu irtam tikromis sąlygomis gyvenančio žmogaus vystymosi, egzistencijos ypatumus. Tyrimo tikslas - ištirti 20-22 metų fiziškai ir protiškai aktyvių vyrų fizinio išsivystymo, fizinių gebėjimų ir kai kurių funkcinių rodiklių tarpusavio ryšius. Tirti 36 VPU studentai, kurių amžius buvo 20-22 metai. [...]

Lately, different tournaments of strongmen become very popular in the world, where participants demonstrate phenomenal strength and great power of the muscles. This sports discipline becomes popular in Lithuania, and strongmen of our country achieve more and more victories at the competitions of different level. Year 2005 was of particular success for Lithuanian strongmen. Main achievement of this year was title of Strongman World Championships won by Zydrunas Savickas; together with other team members they also become winners of team competition. Consequently, it is relevant to research training methods as well as aspects of the dynamics of physical and functional abilities. So we suppose that it would be possible to understand better the phenomena of the strongest man of the planet and to organise more purposeful training of athletes in this sport discipline, if contents and peculiarities of training and preparation, level and dynamics of physical fitness and physical abilities of Strongman World Championships champion, would be thoroughly analysed. Methods. Subject of the research is physical training, physical fitness level, physical and functional abilities of the world strongmen champion. Indices of physical fitness level were measured, namely: height, body mass, muscular and fat mass and their index, lung volume, power of right and left hand. Muscular power was tested in different energy production zones: single muscular contraction power (SMCP), anaerobic alactic muscular power (AAMP). Anaerobic alactic glycolytis muscle capacity was tested using loads of 30s duration under maximal strain (Wingate test). Psychomotor functions were determined according to psychomotor response rate and movement frequency per 10s. To evaluate the functional capacity of the circulatory system, we employed Roufier test, measuring nnisp. ratp in lying position, in response to an active orthostatic test and dosed physical...

Cholesterol concentration in blood did not depend from great cholesterol amount in athletes' nutrition (897 + -16,6 mg) and had week relation with fats (r—0,26), animal fats (r = 0,24) and iron (r = 0,30) amount in ratio, and triglycerides concentration in athletes' blood was dependent from cholesterol amount in the nutrition.

Specific qualities of competitive performance observed in different sports demand that athletes demonstrate definite special characteristics. Training and competitive performance provokes different adaptive changes within athletes' organisms. There are some sports giving preference to tall athletes. However in the greater part of sports, remarkable results may be achieved also by medium-height or even short athletes. To compare the specific influence produced by separate sports on athletes' organisms, it would be necessary to choose study groups involving athletes similar in terms of height characteristics. Study purpose was to examine specific characteristics of physical development, physical skills, and definite functions demonstrated by high performance athletes, very similar in their body height yet very different in terms of performed sport activity; and to carry out a corresponding comparative analysis. Our study involved 48 high performance athletes practising different sports. All of them were either member candidates or full members of Lithuanian Olympic Team: kayakers and canoeists (k/c) (n=12); - skiers and biathlonists (n=12); cyclists (n=12); and master team football players (n=12).). There was determined that body height and most other indices of physical development and capacity demonstrated by Lithuanian high performance athletes practising different sports differ slightly. It was only kayakers and canoeists who surpassed others in their body built and muscle power which allowed them to get among the leading athletes of the world. It was found that athletes' muscle mass was closely related to SMCP, AAMP, and high jump indices. Development of the mass of special muscles is one of the vital factors for the improvement of muscle power at short work. The study revealed problems existing in the area of selection and training of Lithuanian high performance athletes. This information may help elaborate further training of athletes...

The indices displaying functional capacity of circulatory and respiratory system progressed insignificantly and showed the tendency to improve, though changes are statistically unreliable. After significant increase of work time at the LCI lactate concentration in blood increased insignificantly (p>0,05). The correlation research displayed that there is a close relation among rowersÿ height, body mass and muscle mass. Total body mass, muscle mass are correlated with SMCP, AAMP and special 10s anaerobic alactic power. However, muscle mass correlation with aerobic power indices in AT is weak (r=0,5, p>0,05). There was also noticed a statistically unreliable correlation with LCI aerobic capacity endurance indices (r=0,62, p>0,05). Special 10s work power has a reliable correlation with LCI work endurance indices (r=0,64) though correlation with aerobic work power at AT is unreliable (r=0,49).

The aim of the work was to elucidate the level of physical development, physical fitness and some of the vegetative functions and correlation of these traits in with special performance in junior swimmers. The study objects was the physical development, physical fitness and some of the vegetative and psychomotor functions of junior swimmers. The study cohort comprised Lithuanian swimmers (28 boys) who were preparing for starts in various international contests. Group 1 contained 16 candidates of the junior national team (age, 16-18 years) and group 2 contained 12 candidates of the juvenile national team (age, 14-15 years). The results showed that swimmers in group 1 were on average 8.45 cm higher than swimmers from group 2; the difference was statistically reliable. Body mass was on average 13.07 kg less (p<0.001) in group 2 swimmers. Muscular mass differed by 7.99 kg (p<0.001). Hand force differed only by 2.5 kg, the difference being statistically not reliable. The mean values of high jump, psychomotor response time, movement frequency showed no essential differences. Both the absolute and relative (per kg of body mass) single muscular contraction indices exhibited reliable differences (p<0.05 and p<0.01). The absolute indices of anaerobic alactic muscular power were reliable higher in group 1, and the relative indices showed no essential differences. The absolute indices of 60s special performance (glycolitic) power were also higher in group 1 (p<0.05), and relative indices were almost similar (insignificantly higher in group 2). The functional capacity indices of the circulatory system showed no essential differences between the groups. Both in group 1 and 2, the Roufier index scatter area was very large.[...]

The article analyses the first year female students’ physical condition in the years 1995-2005, Vilnius Pedagogical University. Every year from 330 to 689 females have been researched: their height, weight, chest excursion, dynamometrical forces have been measured under the standard methods. To evaluate students’ physical qualification, 100 meter running, standing long jump, sit-and-lie down (30 s) tests have been used. The research showed that the number of students that were exempt from physical education has grown to 4-6 % and the majority of rates of physical development and physical qualification have varied unevenly over the past ten years. It was established the tendency of female students’ height increase, and the difference between the average heights of the year 1995 and the year 2005 was 1,54 cm (<0,05). 22-25 % of girls’ body mass index was smaller than 19. The index averages of legs’ strength is distinctly lower: the difference between the results in years 1995 and 2005 is 13,61 cm (p<0,001). The velocity results are also worse, the difference between the results of years 1995 and 2005 equals 0,22 s (<0,05). Other rates showed no such distinct statistic differences: the differences in the results of the sit-and-lie down test is 0,37, and of the Roufier index – 0,56.

We examined their height, body mass and its components, optimal body mass and the limits of optimal body mass. Factual nutrition was determined by the method of questioning and weighing. It was evaluated food ration chemical composition from average food sets. The high performance athletes’ physical performance was adequate to the represented sports and differs marginally during the study year. The factual nutrition of the athletes was found to satisfy the energetic demands of their body. All studied representatives from different sports received the sufficient protein amount (from 1,7 to 3,6 g/ kg body mass). Administrating food supplements without combining them to factual nutrition raise the disbalance among the proportions of protein, fat and carbohydrates. Food supplements highlighted the disbalance among the amino acids and showed the Metionine deficiency in all subjects food ration. Factual nutrition of athletes meets their energetical needs. Pronounced disbalance of nutritional elements in average nutritional ration is evidenced by sufficient amount of proteins, too high amount of fat, and too low amount of carbohydrates and shortage of polysaccharide carbohydrates. The supplements consumed by athletes raise their vitamin composition in daily food ration more then 10 times, comparing to well-balance nutrition formula.

The development of rowing in Lithuania has been with varying degrees of success from periods of high performance to low achievements and vice versa. The sport science has been gaining an increasing role in the training of high performance athletes. The problems faced in rowers’ training are analysed by a big number of scientists from various countries (Hagerman, 1988; Steinaker, 1993; Yoshiga, Higuchi, 2003). The challenges of high performance athlete training and difficulties encountered working with rowers have been also discussed by Lithuanian scientists (Raslanas, 1998; Štaras, Arelis, Venslovaitė, 2001; Skernevičius and others, 2004). Not to stand behind the scientific progress, the research in the process of rowers’ training is becoming of urgent importance. The object of the research is training of Lithuanian national rowing team and its members’ fitness. The goal of the research is to investigate physical development, physical fitness, abilities, functional capacity of athletes in Lithuanian national rowing team and to highlight features in training and fitness of an athlete with particularly high sport performance achievements. The sample of the research included 10 candidates of Lithuanian national rowing team. Lately one of them has demonstrated very high performance results. The athlete’s training in the four-year Olympic cycle, the athlete’s diary and generalised reports of the coach as well as competitive performance were analysed. The process of athlete’s body adaptation to physical loads was investigated (Skernevičius et al, 2004). Though during the four-year Olympic cycle the physical loads volume in the training of high performance young athlete showed an upward tendency, the physical load in the fourth year was not intensive and may be increased.[...]