In order to elucidate the degree of preference in orientations of listeners whether on semantic or prosodic factors under the reconstruction of sense of utterance, an audition experiment was performed based on the material of spontaneous polylogues of native speakers of the Russian and German languages. The conducted perceptive-acoustic experiment proves the hypothesis that the prognostification of the sense of the reconstructed utterance is implemented with the support of semantic and prosodic features on equal grounds. The decision-making between them or their combination is based on verbal variability as an ontological feature of the language and on perceptive-conceptual mnemonic activities of bearers of different cultures.

The present analytical description is devoted to the phenomenon of polylogue. That is the way of research into multilateral communication, characterized with its own features, different from dialogical and monological communication. The aim of report is the analysis of typological characteristics and the substantiation of the independence of a linguistic status of a polylogue as a particular type of spoken language. The main purpose is to determine on the basis of typological characteristics of a monologue, dialogue and polylogue some common and particular features in each type of a spoken language. Reseach has been made on the basis of spontaneons polylogues. The main factors of difference between multilateral and bialateral communication have been investigated: 1)quantative; 2) role-variation; 3) a factor of retial-acsial form of address (collective individual form of address); 4) informative factor (the act of speaking, ensuring the understanding by all participants of communication which illocutive function referred to immediate addressees is being accomplished); 5) factor of constructive reception; 6) factor of multitude of cognitive positions; 7) factor of variable deictics. Appeal could be considered as a form of rapprochement of all three forms of a spoken language, as a factor of differentiation quantitativity could be considered.