In the French language the category of aspect is related unevenly either to grammar or style. In French it is not a regular grammatical category. Referring the French verb we cannot indicate whether it expresses a continuous action or a repeated action, as we can do in case of future or past frequentative tense. In the Lithuanian and Slavonic languages the category of aspect is very important, whereas in French it is only the remnant of the defunct grammatical phenomena meeting the occasional needs. After the thorough analysis of the category of aspect in Analytic (French) and Synthetic (Lithuanian, Slavonic languages) languages, the following conclusion could be made: the category of aspect in Lithuanian and Slavonic languages is a binary grammatical category reflecting both abstraction of meanings and oppositional character. This statement is proved by the fact that although the kernel of the category of aspect is made up of the verbs which have different lexical meanings, they can still be juxtaposed as expressing opposed character of one and the same process.

The article focuses on peculiarities of conceptualisation of somatisms phraseological field of the lingua-cultural concept “body”, concentrating namely on somatic phraseologisms containing such components as “head”, “ear”, “eye”, “nose”, “tongue” (i.e., the main perceptive organs of the surrounding environment) and also referring to their equivalents in the Lithuanian and French languages. The results of the analysis revealed that almost all the somatic phraseologisms, which contain the name of a certain part of the body, characterise the figurative (metonymical or metaphorical) meaning of the aforesaid somatism, whereas in rare cases, they were expressed in their direct meaning. Then conceptualisation, i.e., mental structurization of the objective reality occurs mainly following schemes and patterns of the human body, the body of an animal is employed less often and “the body” of a plant is even less frequently used, since representation of such realia of the surrounding world in linguistic units (in somatic phraseological units in this research) is seen by an individual as one of the easiest and most complete ways of perception. The understanding of world phenomena occurs namely through somatic linguistic units, which in phraseologisms converge with elements of human body, which are familiar to a human being since very childhood. This knowledge or its representations, which are received through understanding of phraseology (idiomatics), adds originality to the culture of each nation and makes it possible to differentiate one culture from other ones.