Focused literature review of terminology describing developmental language disorder in english-speaking countries and others

Abstract

The purpose is to discuss research-based terminology of language disorder (LD) of unknow origin in english-speaking and other languages than english speaking countries, including Lithuania. Theoretical background.Developmental language disorder (DLD) is common condition, that affects about 7 % of the population (Calderir kt., 2022; Norbury et al., 2016). Numerous studies have shown that DLD is not well known in general public (Thordardottir et al., 2021), specific groups (de Lemos et al., 2022) and under-researched (Bishop, 2010; McGregor, 2020). DLD is characterized by (Bishop et al., 2017; ASHA, n. d. etc.): difficulty with language learning not attributable to other known conditions, such as genetic syndromes, autism, hearing impairment, intellectual disability; heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder that persist throughout childhood and into adulthood; child with DLD may have a low level of nonverbal IQ. Research method. Review of scientific literature in english and lithuanian languages is the method used. Findings and discussion. Focusing on terminology of children with unexplained LD continues more than a decade (McGregor, 2020; Rice, 2020; Bishop, 2014, 2017; Reilly, Bishop & Tomblin, 2014, etc.). As mentioned Leonard (2020), it „might lead to important changes“ (p. 6). The multinational and multidisciplinary CATALISE group recommended the label „DLD“ and identification criteria (Bishop et al, 2016; 2017). This high profile project prompted changes in Europe and behind: a separate Delphi or consensus studies was conducted in German-speaking countries and Norway; intensive debate was held in Sweden, Spanish-speaking regions, etc. Despite that, no significant changes have occurred in Lithuania yet. Current research evidence and theory suggest that it is now time to move on (Reilly et al., 2014), by opinion of both authors, Baltic region too