Sprinterių kojų tiesiamųjų ir lenkiamųjų raumenų jėgos poveikis 10 m, 20 m ir 30 m bėgimo rezultatams

Abstract

Several studies suggest that muscle strength and power is highly important factor in sprint performance. However, many previous researches focus on link between muscle strength and power in specific running distances without considering results in different running splits. Sprint running is described as consisting of acceleration, maximum speed, and deceleration phases. Every sprint phase needs different muscle contraction and strength. Thus, the purpose of this research was to investigate the correlation between leg extensor/flexor muscle strength and sprint running time in different splits. Eighteen national level sprint runners participated in the study (age: 22 ± 1,48 years, body mass: 67,96 ± 8,05 kg; body height: 178 ± 1,00 cm; 100 m results: 11,59 ± 0,95 s). The vertical jump height of countermovement jump and 10 m, 20 m, 30 m split time-results during 30 m sprint running were measured. The hip extensor and flexor muscle peak torques were measured at 60º/s and 300º/s with the isokinetic dynamometer (Biodex Medical System 3, New York). Pearson’s correlation coefficient was calculated to determine the link between selected indicators. Statistical analysis revealed that the highest significant correlation was found between countermovement jump and 20 m and 30 m sprint time-results (respectively, r =-0,62 and r=-0,67; p < 0.01). However, the lower significant correlation coefficient was found between maximum hip extensor torque at 60º/s and 10 m, 20 m, 30 m sprint time-results (respectively, r=-0,45; r=- 0,48; r=-0,49 p<0,05). The correlation significance existed between maximum hip extensor torque at 60º/s and countermovement jump (r=0,59; p< 0,01). Subject with a maximum hip extensor torque at 60º/s above 2,40 Nm/kg had statistically significantly lower sprint time-result at 10 m, 20 m, and 30 m in comparison with those subjects with maximum hip extensor torque at 60º/s below 2,39 Nm/kg. The results suggest that hip extensor is important factor to sprint runners’ countermovement jump and sprint performance.