Ortegos y Gasseto žmogus - masė

Abstract

Philosophy of culture expounded in J. Ortega у Gasset's "Revolt of Masses" reveals crisis of the classical rationality in European life between the World Wars. This cultural crisis is diagnosed by description of the "man of masses"and of its types. "Man-mass"is whether political, nor sociological term, but an emphasis on naturalistic attitudes of humans towards culture and civilisation. Ortega's cultural philosophy grants importance not for confrontation of elite and mass, but more so for "manmass"relationship to culture, science, technology, state. "Man-mass"is twofold: on the one hand it embodies the new possibilities for humans assotiated with liberal democracy, acchievements of science and technology, on the other it annihilate the very values and principles, on which those acchievements are based. In his phenomenologically oriented analysis Ortega emphasises ethical dimension without which no cultural, political or civic life is possible.