Nowadays there are more than 10 percent of couples who face infertility problems and cannot give birth to children. Due to this reason medicine representatives began searching for active measures which could help the society in solving infertility problems. The most significant turning point in medicine took place on 25 July, 1978, when the first surrogate-baby was born. Actual inventor of this technology, British physiologist Robert G. Edwards was awarded Nobel Prize in physiology and medicine for the research in the field of artificial fertilization. Owing to these researches, in vitro fertilization (IVF or „in vitro fertilization“) was discovered, thereby providing infertile couples with a possibility of pregnancy with a child genetically related to them. This is the reason surrogacy became popular in the world. Although surrogacy has been used for only several decades and its popularity is constantly increasing, regulation of this field persists to be very different. Some of the countries prohibit surrogacy, the others – on the contrary, legalize it. Differential surrogacy regulation conditions the fact that the countries constantly face problems of surrogacy. Recently, when surrogacy, former medical means, is becoming an increasingly significant business and huge amounts of money are being paid not to infertility clinics and agents exceptionally, but also to surrogate mothers, legal scientists raise the issue if there is any exploitation of women, human or children trafficking. Unbalanced regulation of the field of surrogacy conditions the fact that later it will face all aforementioned problems. As long as Lithuania does not have any laws regulating this field, it is essential to study out if there is a possibility to equate commercial surrogacy to human trafficking in accordance with the working law on human trafficking (Article 147 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Lithuania). [...]

The objects of the research are power relations between victims of trafficking and physicians, and the importance of the role of a social worker in these relations. Even though sexual, physical and psychological problems of victims’ health are defined as one of the most distressing consequences of women trafficking, the question of medical care of these women has been still lile studied. Limited attitude towards health care, the fear of physical and psychological violence in a physician room and complicated accessibility of health care raise the importance of a social worker. Thus the research is aimed at defining the roles of a social worker in the process of health care of victims of women trafficking.The qualitative method has been applied in this research. Two physicians, two clients of the project of Lithuanian Caritas program “Aid to the victims of trafficking and prostitution” and the social worker of this project have been questioned by a semi-structured interview. The data analysis has been made according to fenomenographic and content analysis data approaches. The results of the research indicate that the process of victims of women trafficking health care is impossible without a direct participation of a social worker. According to the strategy of empowering as well as the participants of the research, despite traditional roles of a social worker as broker and advocate, the supporting role of a social worker has been noticed.The research has been also aimed at exploring the relations between physicians and women who were trafficked. Even though a consultative physician – patient relation model predominates, the interviews have revealed that the physicians have all the power. This is determined by their Professional knowledge, experience, power in decision making, and the social status of a physician.As the results of the analysis show, informal collaboration between aid programs and medical institutions raises a lot of misunderstandings. The interviewees emphasized not only the lack of collaboration, but the tendency to control. According to the participants of the research, the collaboration should be improved by changing the aitude of physicians towards victims of women trafficking, also by making changes in health care policy carried out by the government.According to the results of the research conclusions have been made and recommendations for the aid programs, physicians and social policy formers have been given.

Possibilities of the rehabilitation process of women who are in the slavery of people trafficking, and peculiarities of the expression are analysed in the article. The aim of the article is to reveal the peculiarities of this process, inner and outer factors which may influence success of rehabilitation and highlight the difficulties. The aim of the research performed is to reveal the peculiarities of the rehabilitation process for victims of women trafficking.The object of the research is the rehabilitation process for victims of women trafficking (in the inner and outer aspect). The hypothesis of the research – it is believed that success of rehabilitation for victims of women trafficking depends on inner (values, motivation, control of the situation) and outer resources (share of information, services and socioeducational help). Presenting results of the research, a qualitative research is being rendered, in which the a��itude of the rehabilitation process participants is analysed evaluating the development of that process.Nowadays it is more and more widely spoken in a modern society about a quickly floating negative phenomenon – women trafficking in Lithuania and on the international level. Women of different age become victims in people trafficking, the extent of people trafficking is increasing and it becomes an international problem (Pochagina, 2007; Kovalev, 2007). Women trafficking and engaging in prostitution has inevitably disastrous influence on physical and psychical health of women and girls (Navaitis, 2004; O‘Connor, Healy, 2006). Many researches have been performed in the recent decade in order to find out the efficiency of rendered services for victims of people trafficking and prostitution (Sipavičienė, 2004), rehabilitation and reintegration aspects for victims of prostitution and people trafficking are researched and analysed, institutions which provide various help are supervised, their activities and principles of help are examined (Ruškus, Mažeikienė, Blinstrubas, Balčiūnas, 2005; Karmaza ir kt., 2005).The analysis and development of the rehabilitation process of women trafficking become more important. Why is the rehabilitation process of people trafficking and victims so special? What factors could influence its success? What is important for victims of women trafficking: their own values, a wish to alter, to control the situation, an ability to represent herself or existance of the social services and the net of help, spread of information, etc? These questions could make a problematic sphere in the article.