Ryšių tarp žmogaus organizmo įvairių požymių paieška yra viena iš aktualių problemų, kurią nagrinėjant galima geriau pažinti tam tikru laikotarpiu irtam tikromis sąlygomis gyvenančio žmogaus vystymosi, egzistencijos ypatumus. Tyrimo tikslas - ištirti 20-22 metų fiziškai ir protiškai aktyvių vyrų fizinio išsivystymo, fizinių gebėjimų ir kai kurių funkcinių rodiklių tarpusavio ryšius. Tirti 36 VPU studentai, kurių amžius buvo 20-22 metai. [...]

Lately, different tournaments of strongmen become very popular in the world, where participants demonstrate phenomenal strength and great power of the muscles. This sports discipline becomes popular in Lithuania, and strongmen of our country achieve more and more victories at the competitions of different level. Year 2005 was of particular success for Lithuanian strongmen. Main achievement of this year was title of Strongman World Championships won by Zydrunas Savickas; together with other team members they also become winners of team competition. Consequently, it is relevant to research training methods as well as aspects of the dynamics of physical and functional abilities. So we suppose that it would be possible to understand better the phenomena of the strongest man of the planet and to organise more purposeful training of athletes in this sport discipline, if contents and peculiarities of training and preparation, level and dynamics of physical fitness and physical abilities of Strongman World Championships champion, would be thoroughly analysed. Methods. Subject of the research is physical training, physical fitness level, physical and functional abilities of the world strongmen champion. Indices of physical fitness level were measured, namely: height, body mass, muscular and fat mass and their index, lung volume, power of right and left hand. Muscular power was tested in different energy production zones: single muscular contraction power (SMCP), anaerobic alactic muscular power (AAMP). Anaerobic alactic glycolytis muscle capacity was tested using loads of 30s duration under maximal strain (Wingate test). Psychomotor functions were determined according to psychomotor response rate and movement frequency per 10s. To evaluate the functional capacity of the circulatory system, we employed Roufier test, measuring nnisp. ratp in lying position, in response to an active orthostatic test and dosed physical...

Specific qualities of competitive performance observed in different sports demand that athletes demonstrate definite special characteristics. Training and competitive performance provokes different adaptive changes within athletes' organisms. There are some sports giving preference to tall athletes. However in the greater part of sports, remarkable results may be achieved also by medium-height or even short athletes. To compare the specific influence produced by separate sports on athletes' organisms, it would be necessary to choose study groups involving athletes similar in terms of height characteristics. Study purpose was to examine specific characteristics of physical development, physical skills, and definite functions demonstrated by high performance athletes, very similar in their body height yet very different in terms of performed sport activity; and to carry out a corresponding comparative analysis. Our study involved 48 high performance athletes practising different sports. All of them were either member candidates or full members of Lithuanian Olympic Team: kayakers and canoeists (k/c) (n=12); - skiers and biathlonists (n=12); cyclists (n=12); and master team football players (n=12).). There was determined that body height and most other indices of physical development and capacity demonstrated by Lithuanian high performance athletes practising different sports differ slightly. It was only kayakers and canoeists who surpassed others in their body built and muscle power which allowed them to get among the leading athletes of the world. It was found that athletes' muscle mass was closely related to SMCP, AAMP, and high jump indices. Development of the mass of special muscles is one of the vital factors for the improvement of muscle power at short work. The study revealed problems existing in the area of selection and training of Lithuanian high performance athletes. This information may help elaborate further training of athletes...

Psychomotoric functions were analyzed by establishing the duration of simple psychomotoric reaction to light stimulus and minimal movement frequency in 10-s. The methods of the research are set out by Skernevičius, Raslanas, Dadelienė (2004). It was estimated that somatic and physiometric indices of physical development of Lithuanian boys of age 15-16, who attend football trainings, are very close to the indices of those of the same age who are less physically active. Analysed young football players did not have high indices of running speed, high jump and quickness. The indices of anaerobic power also were not any higher than those with low physical activity. Comparative indices of VO2max were equal to the data of Lithuanian schoolchildren research. Functional capacity of blood circulation system was at average level. The data of psychomotoric research did not have considerable supremacy over non-trained persons. The very essential problem of football players’ selection and purposeful training have been highlighted. Lithuanian Football Federation and other sport organizations, with the help of scientific institutions, should pay attention to it. Reference value scales of physical development, physical and functional capacity will help to do better selection of youngsters to football schools and to evaluate their preparedness development better.

The aim of the research was to analyse the correlation between high performance rowers‘ 2000 m distance rowing time-span and their physical development, physical and functional capacity indices. 2009 Nr. 2(56) 29 14 Lithuanian national team rowers and young rowers of Olympic Reserve group between age 18 and 26 were tested at the end of four-year Olympic cycle of 2008. The main physical development indices of height, body mass, hands power, VLC, muscle mass were established (Dadelienė, 2008). Physical capacity was measured by establishing single muscular contraction power (SMCP), anaerobic alactic muscular power (AAMP) (step ergometry), special 10-s working power was established with rowing ergometer (Concept II). Working power of anaerobic threshold (AT) was estimated while working on this ergometer when lactate blood concentration had reached 4 mmol/l. Working power was estimated at the critical intensity limit (CIL) (VO2max). Functional capacity of circulatory system was analysed by applying Roufier test (RT), by establishing pulse rate (PR) while lying, by establishing blood haemoglobin (Hb) concentration (Skernevičius, Raslanas, Dadelienė, 2004). Special preparedness for the 2000 m distance rowing was settled after rowing programmed 2000 m distance on rowing ergometer; the results of 6000 m distance rowing in control competition were fixed, too. The statistical method of linear correlation (Pierson) was applied aiming to establish analysed indices correlation. Reliability of correlation coefficient was estimated accordingly: r = 0,46-0,57 (p<0,05), r = 0,58- 0,68 (p<0,01), r = 0,69 and more (p<0,001). The method of regression analysis was applied, too (Gonestas, Strielčiūnas, 2003). There is a reliable correlation of physical development indices among heights, general body mass, muscle mass and 2000 m rowing index. [...]

The aim of our work was to examine physical development, physical and functional capacity of elite Lithuanian kayakers, and to compare data of high physical active persons with not engaged in sports persons. We examined 12 elite Lithuanian kayakers experimental group (age 20-30 years), and 36 20-24 years old student’s control group of Vilnius Pedagogical University. We estimated the main indices of their physical development: height, body mass, the fat muscle mass index, leading hand force, lung volume. To evaluate physical capacity we assessed single muscle contraction capacity, anaerobic alactic muscular power (gas analyzers were used to asses VO2 max). To assess the functional capacity of the circulatory system, we measured the pulse rate at rest, in orthostasis, in response to a standard physical load (30 squatting per 45 s) and after 60 s of recovery. We determined the rate of psychomotor reaction and central nervous system liability by applying a 10-s tapping test. Kayakers body mass, leading hand force, single muscle contraction capacity, anaerobic alactic muscular power, psychomotor reaction, movement frequency indices are far from not engaged in sports persons. Analysis of data showed that high physical active kayakers have exceptional feature of organism. It is necessary to pay attention in selection process and in the process of physical training for preparing high performance athletes.

Swimmers’ VLC average exceeded averages of adult girls; fat mass was significantly smaller, it was particularly small in R. M. and it did not prevent her from healthy physical development and reaching great physical capacity. Our established exceptional R. M. muscle contraction speed leads to a statement that her muscle contain a large amount of rapidly contracting fibres and this was the basis to develop high single muscular contraction power leading her to gain advantage when taking starts from swimming tower. Exceptional R. M. functional capacity of blood circulation system and ability quickly to recover after physical loads, comparing to other swimmers of her age, ensured possibilities for her to execute intensive physical loads and better to adapt them. Only wide complex analysis enables to establish the level of the most significant swimmers’ physical and functional powers and use it as the basis to anticipate the development of their sport achievements.