Šio tyrimo tikslas buvo ištirti ir palyginti padelio ir teniso žaidimų metu patiriamus fizinių krūvių skirtumus. Šiame tyrime dalyvavo aštuoni (n = 8) nacionalinio lygio teniso žaidėjai vyrai (amžius 27,0 ± 7,4 metų, ūgis 186,3 ± 7,7 cm, kūno masė 81,5 ± 10,7 kg). Kiekvienas dalyvis turėjo Nacionalinės teniso asociacijos reitingą ir dalyvavo svarbiausiuose nacionaliniuose vieneto ir dvejetų turnyruose. Jie taip pat dalyvavo Nacionalinės padelio federacijos organizuojamuose A lygio turnyruose. Tyrimo metu buvo sužaista 12 simuliacinių rungtynių – po 6 teniso ir padelio. Žaidėjų poros buvo suformuotos pagal panašų meistriškumo lygį, siekiant užtikrinti konkurencingumą. Visi dalyviai sužaidė po trejas rungtynes kiekvienoje sporto šakoje, trunkančias po 40 min., imituojant vieno seto trukmę. Šiuo tyrimu palyginome padelio ir teniso dvejetų žaidėjų patiriamą fizinį krūvį bei nustatėme žaidimo veiklos charakteringus skirtumus. Tyrimo rezultatai parodė, kad teniso žaidimo metu žaidėjai patyrė didesnį išorinį fizinį krūvį pagal visus tirtus parametrus. Bendras įveiktas atstumas, judėjimo intensyvumas, vidutinis greitis, maksimalus greitis, sprintų kiekis, aukšto intensyvumo greitėjimų atstumas žaidžiant tenisą buvo didesnis nei žaidžiant padelį. Tačiau širdies susitraukimų dažnis bei laktato kiekis kraujyje abiejų žaidimų metu nesiskyrė.

It have been establishes that, although single muscular contraction power have been increasing during the testing period, results were not high enough because of too low jumps and too low speed of take-of. Thus we may assume that individual players' adaptation during all the season have not beet oriented at the increasing of above capacities. Indices of short-term loads capacities, as anaerobic alactic muscular power, 5 m running velocity and agility, were increasing, and their results were close to the indices of high performance basketball players. Psychomotor response rate and movement frequency increased during the testing period in average 15,92 ms. During the four year period, functional capacity of circulatory and respiratory systems was of good adaptation level. Roufier index does not exceed 5,42 and was not lower than 3,80. Heart rate at rest (reacting at the physical loads and recovering after) in four years changed slightly.

The study showed that in the majority of players, who were in an experimental group, height, weight and arm length indicators varied similarly, as in the control group. Therefore, the theoretical assumption that an extra amount of exercise does not make a significant impact on children’s anthropometric indicators of their physical development is confirmed. One academic year experiment showed that one extra week of basketball training had positive impact on 11, 13, 14 years old players physical performance – most of the indicators significantly improved or had tendencies for improvement. 12-year-olds basketball preparedness indicators of additional training did not change. This could lead to the fact that some of the educational methods were not properly chosen and or certain genetic characteristics of children development had influence as well.

While preparing high performance karate do athletes and aiming for the highest results at international competitions, the training of athletes is based on the fundamental sport training elements. It is relevant to know how athletes’ body functions change during all periods of training, however we have the least knowledge of how the qualification of athletes varies during a transitional period. A relevant goal for the transitional period is to create right conditions so that athletes’ body system would recover after great physical and psychological strains experienced at training sessions and competitions. It is also important to ensure that athletes’ physical, functional and technical qualification wouldn‘t decrease at a large scale during the transitional period. The aim of the study was to examine high performance level traditional karate do athletes’ changes in physical development, physical and functional capacity during the transitional period. To pursue the above stated aim, these methods of research were used: diagnostic analyses identified somatometric and physiometric indicators of physical development, also indicators of anaerobic alactic muscle capacity, psychomotoric functions and physical performance. After generalizing the survey data it was determined to form only one sample of the research subjects. The results of research were processed by mathematical statistics methods. We found that during the transitional period the functional capacity of circulatory and respiratory systems had a tendency to improve, psychomotoric reaction time and movement frequency during the time of research didn‘t change. At significantly increased height of maximal jump and a shortened time of take-off, it was seen a tendency of one-time‘s muscle contraction power growth. The indicators of a short muscle action power didn‘t change. [...].