The Lithuanian and American political scientist and lawyer Alexander Shtromas is an exclusive personality of the 20th century. Already in Soviet times, under the patronage of Antanas Sniečkus, the leader of the Communist Party of Lithuania, a high position in the Soviet nomenklatura was being prepared for him. While studying law and having started work as an attorney and from 1959 onwards in the Research Institute of Forensic Sciences, Shtromas had seen as if from the inside the formation of a new layer of lawyers in the Soviet Union. After choosing the path of a dissident and an active critic of the Soviet regime, Shtromas was forced to leave the Soviet Union in 1973. He lectured at universities and colleges in Great Britain and the United States. In addition to his academic and scholarly work, the political scientist devoted much attention to the analysis of Soviet life and to issues of the mentality and political consciousness of people living in the Soviet Union. At the same time, he also analyzed what actions emigrants should take and how they should behave under the conditions of international law in order to show that they (that is, the emigrants) are legitimate representatives of Lithuania. After the restoration of Lithuania’s independence in 1990, a new legal and political order was formed in the country. Shtromas did not stay away from these processes and often expressed his views on specific issues in periodicals or public meetings. This paper is devoted to analyzing the legal insights of Shtromas.