Savireguliacija yra vienas esminių veiksnių, turinčių įtakos sportiniam meistriškumui ir sporto karjeros sėkmei. Sportinio meistriškumo ugdymas reikalauja nuolatinio kognityvinio aktyvumo, elgesio ir emocijų reguliavimo tiek treniruotėse, tiek varžybose. Savireguliacijos gebėjimai padeda sėkmingai priimti sprendimus ir prisitaikyti prie pokyčių, tačiau savireguliacijos gebėjimų ugdymas reikalauja pastangų ir įsipareigojimo. Tyrimo tikslas yra nustatyti sąsajas tarp sportininkų suvokiamos sportinės kompetencijos, savireguliacijos gebėjimų ir pasitenkinimo veikla. Tyrime dalyvavo 320 sportininkų (16,10 ± 1,47 m.), siekiančių aukšto meistriškumo. Duomenų rinkimui taikyta lizdinė imtis. Tyrime taikyta suvokiamos kompetencijos skalė (Williams ir Deci, 1996; Williams et al., 1998), adaptuotas Pasitenkinimo klausimynas (Man-Cih, 2006) ir Savireguliacinio mokymosi sporte skalė (McCardle et al., 2018). Tyrimo rezultatai parodė, kad vaikinai ir merginos nesiskiria savireguliacijos gebėjimais, (p < 0,05), tačiau vaikinams būdingas aukštesnis pasitenkinimas veikla (p < 0,05) nei merginoms. Komandinių sporto šakų atstovai pasižymėjo aukštesniu pasitenkinimu veikla nei individualių sporto šakų atstovai (p < 0,05). Tačiau individualių sporto šakų atstovams būdingi geresni savireguliacijos įgūdžiai, tokie kaip planavimas, tikslų kėlimas, savistaba ir vertinimas (p < 0,05). Tyrimo rezultatai parodė stiprų statistiškai reikšmingą ryšį tarp sportininkų suvokiamos sportinės kompetencijos, pasitenkinimo veikla ir savireguliacijos gebėjimų. Suvokiama sportinė kompetencija yra stipriai susijusi su tikslų kėlimu, pastangomis, koncentracija. Pasitenkinimo rodikliai taip pat glaudžiai susiję su sportininkų vertybines nuostatas atspindinčiais aspektais.

Savireguliacija – tai gebėjimas kurti, įgyvendinti ir lanksčiai palaikyti suplanuotą elgesį, kad būtų pasiekti užsibrėžti tikslai. Savireguliacinis mokymasis (angl. Self-regulated learning, SRL) yra individo, sportininko ar sporto trenerio gebėjimas atliekant užduotis optimizuoti sąlygas, valdyti save ir savo pastangas ar veiklą ir sporto praktikos visumą. Siekiant tyrinėti trenerių savireguliaciją buvo aktualu adaptuoti šį klausimyną Lietuvos sportininkų ugdytojų populiacijai, todėl šio tyrimo tikslas – įvertinti sporto trenerių suvokiamą savireguliaciją. Trenerių savireguliacijai vertinti taikytas Savireguliacijos klausimynas (angl. Self-Regulation Questionnaire, SRQ). Jis sukurtas savireguliacijos procesams įvertinti kuriant, įgyvendinant ir lanksčiai pritaikant suplanuotą elgesį siekiant užsibrėžtų tikslų, remiantis asmenine savirefleksija. Pasirinktas savireguliacijos modelis sudarytas iš septynių poskalių, kiekvienoje jų po 9 teiginius (iš viso 63 teiginiai). Tyrime dalyvavo 43 komandinių ir individualių sporto šakų treneriai (15 moterų, 28 vyrai), atstovaujantys 20 sporto šakų. Tyrimo dalyvių amžius svyravo nuo 28 iki 67 metų (vid. 47,6 ± 9,71 m.), treniravimo patirtis svyravo nuo 1 iki 45 metų (vid. 16,97 ± 10,5 m.). Tyrimo rezultatai parodė, kad, vertinant pagal Savireguliacijos klausimyno autorių pateiktą metodiką, trenerių savireguliacija buvo vidutinio lygio – 237,53 ± 20,81 (95 PI [231,13–243,96]). Poskalių aprašomosios statistikos tyrimas parodė, kad žemiausiais balais buvo įvertinas trenerių „Informacijos įvertinimas ir palyginimas su normomis“, aukščiausiai – „Plano formulavimas“ ir „Plano efektyvumo vertinimas“. Analizuojant tyrimo rezultatus lyties aspektu, nustatyta, kad moterys pasižymėjo aukštesniais savireguliacijos rodikliais, tačiau statistiškai reikšmingas skirtumas nustatytas vertinant poskalės „Galimybių paieška“ rodiklius. Analizuojant trenerių savireguliacijos rodiklius jų amžiaus ir treniravimo patirties aspektu, statistiškai reikšmingų skirtumų nenustatyta. Tyrimu siekėme išbandyti kitų mokslininkų parengtą diagnostinę priemonę, įvertinti trenerių suvokiamus savireguliacijos gebėjimus. Šis tyrimas svarbus tuo, kad buvo adaptuotas Lietuvos fizinio ugdymo ir sporto kontekstui, taip pat psichometriniais matavimais įvertinta lietuviškoji skalės versija. Ypač reikšmingas tyrimas tuo, kad yra vienas pirmųjų kartų, kai Savireguliacijos klausimynas taikytas tyrinėjant Lietuvos sporto trenerių savireguliacijos gebėjimus. Lietuviškosios skalės psichometriniai parametrai patvirtino skalės tinkamumą duomenų analizei (Kronbacho alfa 0,898), tačiau ateityje tyrimą tikslinga atlikti su didesniu tiriamųjų skaičiumi (didesne imtimi).

Psychomotoric functions were analyzed by establishing the duration of simple psychomotoric reaction to light stimulus and minimal movement frequency in 10-s. The methods of the research are set out by Skernevičius, Raslanas, Dadelienė (2004). It was estimated that somatic and physiometric indices of physical development of Lithuanian boys of age 15-16, who attend football trainings, are very close to the indices of those of the same age who are less physically active. Analysed young football players did not have high indices of running speed, high jump and quickness. The indices of anaerobic power also were not any higher than those with low physical activity. Comparative indices of VO2max were equal to the data of Lithuanian schoolchildren research. Functional capacity of blood circulation system was at average level. The data of psychomotoric research did not have considerable supremacy over non-trained persons. The very essential problem of football players’ selection and purposeful training have been highlighted. Lithuanian Football Federation and other sport organizations, with the help of scientific institutions, should pay attention to it. Reference value scales of physical development, physical and functional capacity will help to do better selection of youngsters to football schools and to evaluate their preparedness development better.

Trainings and competitions also foster a sense of self-confidence (76.3%), teach to persevere decisively (69.9%), to be fair and responsible in task performance (67.7%), etc. 93 respondents were divided into two age groups: 8-13 and 14-17 years old. Their answers were estimated using a coefficient of statistical reliability p<0.05. The determining factors, for instance, a sports club/ school near their living place and possibility to enjoy friendship with other athletes, made children prefer football trainings to other sports. The results show that other decisive factors in favour of football were related to personal competences such as ability to seek and to receive support from parents, moral values such as discipline, courage and responsibility rate differently. In fact, football is a highly attractive form of selfexpression for children and youth through which moral values and personal competencies are being developed.

hand movement from the initial standing position on the platform improved almost from 48.49±3.64 cm to 49.18±4.17 cm (p>0.05), however noticeably improved (p<0.01) the result of vertical jumping with hand movement (from 48.94±3.65 cm to 50.76±4.09 cm), when before resisting from the platform the additional jump is performed in order to jump on the platform. Body movement speed while moving vertically to horizontal direction (Margaria test) as well improved significantly (p<0.01) from 1.75±0.07 m/s to 1.85±0.11 m/s. The result of body movement speed in horizontal direction while running 5 m changed not noticeably, although our young football players improved the running of 30 meters result statistically significantly from 4.19±0.19 s to 4.12±0.16 s (p<0.001). Appreciably improved the results of moving forward and backward (agility test 10 × 5 m)(p<0.01). Power output results using the Wingate test were improving a bit from 580±67.46 W to 605±84.16 W, although the change of pulse frequency after 30 s of physical load showed that all the trainings done throughout the yearly cycle had a noticeable impact on the organism adaptation of the young football players. After 1 minute the heart beat rate increased from 150.41±12.28 bt/min to 142.00±9.71 bt/min and after 2 min – from 133.82±11.41 bt/min to 122.47±8.66 bt/ min (p<0.0001).

The team players in two matches have made 25.3 % and 28.7 % passes forward, 12.9 % and 12.0 % were long passes and crosses, 11.0 % and 9.1 % – long passes. In two matches centre midfielders made 34.1 % and 31.8 % of the total number of actions, wingers – 26.8 % and 25.2 % and centre midfielders were much successful as wingers. Defenders made 14.2 – 18.6 % of the total number of actions and unsuccessful actions from them were 31.4 – 35.4 %. The goalkeepers’ part of all actions in two different matches was quite similar – 5.6 % and 5.3 %. Attackers had the highest error rate – 47.9 % and 43.3 %. Our method showed individual positional actions as well as the whole team actions during a match. This analysis shows the efficiency of training system and on that ground these results gives feedback how to improve the education of special competencies of young soccer players.

Comparing football players and track-and-field athletes’ responses, it appeared that the initial expectation of the players was to enrich their knowledge, to acquire new skills (respectively 84.6% and 49.5%), as well as to reinforce personal selfconfidence (32.2% and 77.4%). Young track-and-field athletes were significantly more motivated to participate in training activity by the wish to achieve good sport results, comparing to football players (respectively 83.7% and 72.4%), while the reinforcing factors of the football players were a wish to participate in matches (86.2% and 73.3%), desire to be healthy and strong (82.0% and 74.1%), to enter the national team (68.5% and 62.7%), a wish to purposefully and actively use their free-time (62.8% and 53.7%), interesting training sessions (71.2% and 47.4%), friendly relations with coach (54.5% and 43.9%), aspiration to be well-known and respectable (44.3% and 30.0%), as well as material well-being (34.4% and 18.3%).

Very good evaluation on defence and attack actions, as well as on improvisation of individual actions and improvisation on both group and team actions was provided by 10 to 30 percent of football players. Very high risk level was expressed by 30% of the players. The subjects demonstrated a very high level of self-confidence in family (70%), in life and school environment (60%), during training sessions (50%) and matches (50%), however, when performing the crucial shot, the very high level of self-confidence was demonstrated only by 10 percent of the respondents. 90 percent of the respondents stated being attentive in getting the coach appointed tasks. In their training sessions, all the interrogated players were striving to precisely follow and perform the movements, demonstrated to them. Only 10 percent of the respondents reported that they additionally addressed their coach for better cognition of the appointed tasks. 60 percent of the players were interested in the game technique of the best football players. 55 percent of respondents perfected their individual technique selfdependently and in self-supervised way. 40 percent of the players were learning from their teammates during the training sessions. Even 95 percent of the respondents reported they were following the team game disciple during training sessions and competitions. In case of failure, 75 percent of the players did not address their parents for assistance.