Use this url to cite ETD: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12259/36679
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Ar tėvui/motinai gyvenančiam kartu su vaiku gali kilti teisinė atsakomybė už vaiko nuteikinėjimą prieš skyrium gyvenantį tėvą/motiną?
Field of Science
Teisė / Law (S001)
Type of publication
type::text::thesis::master thesis
Title
Ar tėvui/motinai gyvenančiam kartu su vaiku gali kilti teisinė atsakomybė už vaiko nuteikinėjimą prieš skyrium gyvenantį tėvą/motiną?
Other Title
Can a parent, living with a child, be liable for inciting a child against another parent who lives separately?
Author
Kielytė, Ingrida |
Advisor
Extent
32 p.
Date Issued
2018-06-07
Abstract
Vaikai yra kiekvienos valstybės pamatas bei visuomenės ateitis, tačiau tuo pat metu vaikai yra ir labiausiai pažeidžiama grandis, negalinti tinkamai apsaugoti savo interesų, teisių nevaržomai bendrauti su savo šeimos nariais, sveikai vystytis. Vaikai gali apginti bei įgyvendinti savo teises tik su kitų visuomenės narių pagalba – pirmiausiai savo tėvų, galiausiai gimtosios šalies pagalba. Vaikų teises į šeimos ryšius gina ne tik nacionaliniai, bet ir tarptautiniai teisės aktai, vienas iš jų Europos Sąjungos Pagrindinių žmogaus teisių chartija, kurios 7 straipsnyje numatoma žmogaus teisė į pagarbą šeimos gyvenimui, inter alia įtvirtinant vaiko teises į reguliarius asmeninius santykius bei tiesioginį bendravimą su abiem tėvais. Deja, tačiau dažniausiai nepilnamečių vaikų teises bei teisėtus interesus pažeidžia tie asmenys, kurie pirmiausiai turėtų apsaugoti vaikus, tarpusavyje nesutariančių tėvų vaikai atsiduria konflikto centre. Remiantis Lietuvos Statistikos departamento pateikiamais duomenimis dėl didėjančio santuokos nutraukimų skaičiaus Lietuvoje vis didesniam skaičiui vaikų tenka gyventi tik su vienu iš savo tėvų, tai patvirtina, jog klausimas dėl vaiko ir tėvų ryšio išsaugojimo yra itin aktualus. Problemos aktualumas įpareigoja visuomenės narius, o taip pat ir valstybę nelikti šališkais, kadangi adekvatus klausimo dėl teisinės atsakomybės už vaiko nuteikinėjimą prieš jo pačio tėvą ar motiną išsprendimas užtikrintų ir vaiko teisių apsaugą.
Moksliniame darbe siekiama atskleisti, kaip įgyvendinamos vaiko teisės susidūrus su vaiko nuteikinėjimo atvejais, siekiama atskleisti ginčų esminius probleminius aspektus bei palyginti juos su kitų šalių praktika. Aptariamos valstybės, vaiko teisių apsaugos kontrolieriaus bei priežiūros specialistų, atsakingų už vaiko teises pareigybes ir bendradarbiavimą užtikrinant vaiko interesus. Analizuojant Lietuvos bei kitų šalių teismų praktiką, atskleidžiama, ar tėvui/motinai gali kilti reali teisinė atsakomybė už vaiko nuteikinėjimą prieš kitą tėvą/motiną.
Moksliniame darbe siekiama atskleisti, kaip įgyvendinamos vaiko teisės susidūrus su vaiko nuteikinėjimo atvejais, siekiama atskleisti ginčų esminius probleminius aspektus bei palyginti juos su kitų šalių praktika. Aptariamos valstybės, vaiko teisių apsaugos kontrolieriaus bei priežiūros specialistų, atsakingų už vaiko teises pareigybes ir bendradarbiavimą užtikrinant vaiko interesus. Analizuojant Lietuvos bei kitų šalių teismų praktiką, atskleidžiama, ar tėvui/motinai gali kilti reali teisinė atsakomybė už vaiko nuteikinėjimą prieš kitą tėvą/motiną.
Children are the foundations of each state and the future of society, but at the same time children are also the most vulnerable, unable to adequately protect their interests, the right to communicate freely with their family members, and healthy development. Children can defend themselves and enforce their rights only with the help of other members of society - first of all, with the help of their parents, and ultimately the home country. Children's rights to family ties are protected not only by national but also by international laws, one of them is the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, Article 7, which provides for the human right to respect family life, inter alia, by strengthening the rights of the child to regular personal relationships and direct communication with both parents. Unfortunately, the rights and legitimate interests of minors are often violated by those who firstly must protect them, the children of mutually disagreeable parents find themselves in the center of the conflict. According to data provided by the Lithuanian Department of Statistics, the growing number of divorce cases in Lithuania means that more and more children have to live with only one of their parents, which confirms that the issue of preserving the communication between the child and parents is of particular relevance. The actuality of the problem obliges members of society, as well as the state, to not be reluctant, since an adequate solution to the question of legal liability for the incitement of a child against his or her own father or mother would ensure the protection of the rights of the child.
The first part of this paper is intended to discuss essential aspects of child incitement, the analysis of the content of scientific sources, international and national documents will reveal the phenomenon of child incitement. Also, in this part of the paper the cooperation between the Ombudsman for the Protection of the Rights of the Child and the supervisory staff responsible for ensuring the rights of the child as well as their responsibilities will be discussed. In this way, one of the tasks set forth is the definition of the child incitement and the cause of the occurrence of this phenomenon. After examining the content of the Law on the Rights of the Child and the supervisors responsible for children's rights and the issues of child incitement, it can be concluded that the state has a duty to establish a system ensuring not only the protection of the rights of the child, but also the access to the services provided by the state - free psychologist counseling, recommendations of the child rights services in order to preserve family ties.
The second part analyses the content and regulation of children's rights in the Republic of Lithuania, reveals parental rights and obligations under the law. Also, it will provide an explanation of the role of the state in the case of child incitement. In this way, one of the tasks set out will be achieved - it is revealed whether the legal regulation of the Republic of Lithuania provides for legal liability for the incitement of a child. Taking into account the data indicated in the sub-section, it can be argued that the role of the state in dealing with the case of a parent in cases of child incitement is particularly important. In the Republic of Lithuania, not only the necessary measures for the prompt and effective implementation of court decisions are ensured, but there are also additional consultative and psychological counseling institutions that can help families solve communication problems.
The final part of the scientific work reviews the jurisprudence of the Republic of Lithuania in order to find out how the courts deal with situations involving the incitement of a child against one of their parents. In this way, the second task of scientific work was fulfilled - an overview of the cases of the highest judicial instance regarding the place of the residence of the child and the procedure for communicating, summarizing how the judgments are being assessed and which legal measures apply in cases of child incitement. It can be argued that in cases involving the child incitement against the other parent who lives separately, legal liability may arise only if the legal regulation of the country in question provides for it. According to the European Convention on Human Rights, the state has a duty to take measures to prevent the incitement of a child against one of the parents, but it does not ensure the result.
The aim of the scientific work is to determine whether a parent, living with a child, can be liable for inciting a child against another parent who lives separately in the context of the protection of family ties, the rights of the child and the legal practice of other counties.
The first part of this paper is intended to discuss essential aspects of child incitement, the analysis of the content of scientific sources, international and national documents will reveal the phenomenon of child incitement. Also, in this part of the paper the cooperation between the Ombudsman for the Protection of the Rights of the Child and the supervisory staff responsible for ensuring the rights of the child as well as their responsibilities will be discussed. In this way, one of the tasks set forth is the definition of the child incitement and the cause of the occurrence of this phenomenon. After examining the content of the Law on the Rights of the Child and the supervisors responsible for children's rights and the issues of child incitement, it can be concluded that the state has a duty to establish a system ensuring not only the protection of the rights of the child, but also the access to the services provided by the state - free psychologist counseling, recommendations of the child rights services in order to preserve family ties.
The second part analyses the content and regulation of children's rights in the Republic of Lithuania, reveals parental rights and obligations under the law. Also, it will provide an explanation of the role of the state in the case of child incitement. In this way, one of the tasks set out will be achieved - it is revealed whether the legal regulation of the Republic of Lithuania provides for legal liability for the incitement of a child. Taking into account the data indicated in the sub-section, it can be argued that the role of the state in dealing with the case of a parent in cases of child incitement is particularly important. In the Republic of Lithuania, not only the necessary measures for the prompt and effective implementation of court decisions are ensured, but there are also additional consultative and psychological counseling institutions that can help families solve communication problems.
The final part of the scientific work reviews the jurisprudence of the Republic of Lithuania in order to find out how the courts deal with situations involving the incitement of a child against one of their parents. In this way, the second task of scientific work was fulfilled - an overview of the cases of the highest judicial instance regarding the place of the residence of the child and the procedure for communicating, summarizing how the judgments are being assessed and which legal measures apply in cases of child incitement. It can be argued that in cases involving the child incitement against the other parent who lives separately, legal liability may arise only if the legal regulation of the country in question provides for it. According to the European Convention on Human Rights, the state has a duty to take measures to prevent the incitement of a child against one of the parents, but it does not ensure the result.
The aim of the scientific work is to determine whether a parent, living with a child, can be liable for inciting a child against another parent who lives separately in the context of the protection of family ties, the rights of the child and the legal practice of other counties.
Language
Lietuvių / Lithuanian (lt)
Defended
Taip / Yes
Access Rights
Atviroji prieiga / Open Access