The e-commerce has various methods how to attract the consumers and use various models of manipulating consumers that are called dark patterns. The topic of manipulating consumers has been analysed in the scientific literature; the research on the impact of manipulating consumers has been carried out, but the scope of research is not sufficient. This article serves to expand understanding the consumers’ attitude to manipulating consumers in e-commerce, to find out the scope of manipulation they consider to be applied on them, and to analyse the encountered manipulation situations and their impact. The results reveal the strength of impact of manipulative situations and the degree of manipulations.

Multimodal learning to read and write emphasises the transition from the conception of direct teaching/learning (ability to decode printed text written on the paper) to spontaneous and child-initiated learning in the playful environment, which would originate from the child’s wish to learn, experience and know. Thus, multimodal learning refers to the learning, which employs as many and as diverse ways of education as possible. They aim to promote children’s learning, memorising and comprehension, which most frequently manifest in children’s positive emotions, new experiences, improvement of learning process and its adaptation to creation of child-centred education system and its realisation in practice. The changing attitude towards learning to read and write obviously leads to strengthening of the tradition of multimodal learning in the Lithuanian kindergartens. The working methods and means applied by teachers, which allow creating educational environments taking into consideration individual needs of every child environments, have been undergoing changes. The conducted research revealed that pre-primary education groups provide children with favourable conditions for multimodal learning, which helps them not only to learn to read and write faster but also develop other skills: fine motor skills, thinking, creativity, social skills, etc.

Trajectory or path planning is a fundamental issue in a wide variety of applications. In this article, we show that it is possible to solve path planning on a maze for multiple start point and endpoint highly efficiently with a novel configuration of multilayer networks that use only weighted pooling operations, for which no network training is needed. These networks create solutions, which are identical to those from classical algorithms such as breadth-first search (BFS), Dijkstra's algorithm, or TD(0). Different from competing approaches, very large mazes containing almost one billion nodes with dense obstacle configuration and several thousand importance-weighted path endpoints can this way be solved quickly in a single pass on parallel hardware.

The ranking of universities is a relatively new phenomenon, the beginning of which coincides with the third phase of changing societal expectations on research, but it does not necessarily correspond to the programs of this phase. Shortcomings of university rankings show that most of the current university ranking indicators are in line with the programs of the first and partly the second research phases, but far from reaching the third, leading to a lot of discussion in both academic and political discourses. Therefore, in this paper, we analyze how changing societal expectations are transforming research assessment. It also deals with the experience of creating a centralized model of current research information system (CRIS) in VMU, and how its development has affected the visibility of the institution on the rankings and the quality of the university.

This year Vilnius has seen openings of not one but two private museums, the MO Museum and the Lithuanian Art Center “ Tartle”. These are the players that were needed to shake up and revive the field of Lithuanian museums, according to art critic Giedrė Jankevičiūtė, interviewed by her colleague Linara Dovydaitytė. In the interview, they discuss the changed situation of the Lithuanian cultural field, private collectors and state museum’s curators, the differences in collections and the inevitable relationship and tension that gives rise to additional effort and new, better quality. Finally, the question arises as to whether an art museum can actually implement the vision of a “participatory museum”. What challenges do state-owned museums living in a constant state of shortage face due to private-sector’s collecting activities? Without the exhibits of private collections today it would probably not be possible to thoroughly present the processes that took place in our art at the end of the 20th century and at the beginning of the 21st. The state has missed an important stage of its own history. On the other hand, neither one of these three collections nor any other private collection could surpass what has been accumulated in state museums, that preserve the national gold fund of art. Another issue is that museums are not sufficiently publicizing their accumu - lated wealth, they keep it locked in their repositories. Private collectors are more agile and active than major museums. Another challenge is noticed when talking about the content of private collections. Private collectors are satisfied with what was not included in museum collections and circulates on the market. The MO Museum’s orientation towards the visitor’s training and education – whether it be children or families, or just curious people of all ages – definitely impresses me. However, this is just one of the many functions of the museum, the pinnacle, so to speak.[...]

Since 1991 with the start of the restitutional reform of land reorganization, the groups of agricultural land users were rapidly changing: the categories of state land users decreased and the areas of private agricultural land used by farmers and natural and legal persons grew. Land reform is a state reorganization of land relations that changes land dependence and use. The article analyses the progress of the Meironys (linear) village land reform and land use possibilities. Historical factors and the natural landscape determine the peculiarities of the use of the land in the linear village. There are 207 linear villages in Ignalina district. When preparing the land reform land management plan of the Meironys linear village, it was decided to design the land and the forest in strips of land as it is currently being done. The rural area was divided into four parts, and the applicants wanted to get a mature forest that belonged to them before privatization. In villages, especially in linear ones, where productivity is low, land is inefficient, and land use is usually extensive. Owners value the land not according to its productivity, but as a material value, where the use is more recreational. In less-favoured areas, landowners are mainly engaged in rural tourism.