Išsiskiriantys pirmokų charakterio bruožai - adaptacinių sunkumų mokykloje priežastis

Abstract

Netinkamas tėvų auklėjimas ir aplinka sudaro sąlygas susiformuoti išsiskiriantiems ikimokyklinio amžiaus vaikų charakterio bruožams, kurie trukdo tinkamai prisitaikyti pirmoje klasėje. Šie vaikai, užuot gilinęsi į pateiktą programos medžiagą, sprendžia savo psichologines problemas. Daugiausia dėmesio mokyklose skiriama žinių įsisavinimui, o tam reikalingi atitinkami įgūdžiai ir charakterio savybės, kurių daugelis neturi. Klasėje vaikas tampa mažos vienmečių bendruomenės nariu, turi priprasti prasmingai būti greta, galvoti ne tik apie save, bet ir apie kitą, ką nors veikiantį kartu, besitariantį, bendradarbiaujantį. Socialūs pirmokai užmezga tinkamus ryšius su suaugusiaisiais ir bendraamžiais ir, tais ryšiais naudodamiesi, toliau tobulina savo socialinius gebėjimus. Iš tyrimų matyti, kad mokyklos lankymo pradžia - reikšmingas adaptacinių įgūdžių formavimosi laikotarpis, kurio metu šeimoje susiformavusius įgūdžius vaikas bando pritaikyti naujoje aplinkoje. Kuo pirmokas visapusiškesnis, tuo lengviau adaptuojasi, o vaikai su ryškia, išsiskiriančia asmenybės charakterio struktūra patiria pirmoje klasėje adaptacinių sunkumų

The negative events in society, such as suicides among the teen-agers, crime, and aggression of children indicate inability of young people to find proper adaptation in society and force to seek for these events and make the first steps to wards them. The reasons accounting for them are reflected in the following expression: "Like people, like society..." in this case like parents, like children, because parents are the only and the closest persons for the child, representing society and involved in training personality according to provisions and moral dominating in it. Children acquire the first skills of adaptation in their families by communicating with their parents or other people around them. These first steps lie in the family, from which the children come to the day care institutions, and later to school. Namely, the authors of these negative character traits i.e. the parents and later the teachers, who because of ignorance, huge love or upbringing, which restricts all the vital functions, permitted formation of these emphasized character features, which interfere with the proper adaptation in the society. The parents and the teachers passed maturity themselves and got knowledge of upbringing from the environment, which was comprised of society as well as from the scientific - pedagogical literature. Therefore representatives of the scientific-pedagogical field have the responsibility and should analyse and correct their mistakes. In accordance with their competence they should provide knowledge to other groups of society. It is necessary to provide parents with the knowledge about formation of personality's character. Parents are the persons, who are mostly interested in the well-being of their children at school and in capabilities to find proper adaptation in a new situation. Namely, they are the ones who prepare background for the formation of psychologically sane new generation