Laikino nuosavybės teisės apribojimo problematika baudžiamajame procese: optimalaus sprendimo beieškant

Abstract

Straipsnyje, įvertinus pernelyg ilgus laikino nuosavybės teisės apribojimo taikymo terminus, dėl ko tam tikri nuosavybės objektai praranda vertę, atsižvelgiant į Lietuvos bei užsienio šalių teismų praktiką ir teisinę doktriną, atskleidžiamos praktinės problemos, kylančios taikant laikiną nuosavybės teisės apribojimą ir siūlomi jų sprendimo būdai

The question of the balance between the protection and the coercive measures of the property rights still remains relevant to the Courts or prosecutors each time dealing with the issues of applying temporary limitation of the property rights. Lithuanian law establishes several ways of affecting property rights: it could be a coercive measure under the Criminal Procedure Code or a penal sanction under the Criminal Code. Temporary limitation of the property rights as a coercive measure is related to the human right of the inviolability of property. Therefore any restriction of the property rights should be imposed as an ultima ratio measure, without which it would not be possible to achieve the required goals in the criminal procedure. It should be noted that even if justifying the use of the coercive measure to achieve the required goals, the right of the inviolability of property is violated if such measure is applied too long or when imposition of such measure is disproportionate. It is worth mentioning that the coercive measure - temporary limitation of the property rights could be applied even during the pre-trial investigation when there is no Court’s decision about the person’s guilt. For such reason the imposition of such coercive measure should be strictly measured. Because of fast advancement of technology and digital products in today’s world, the circle of the objects of the ownership becomes wider, broadening the meaning of the property. Accordingly, the coercive measures, directed to the restriction of the property rights, should adapt to the changing environment.[...]