Kauno elito įtaka Lietuvos kultūriniam gyvenimui (XVI-XVII a.)

Abstract

Aplinka vienaip ar kitaip apsprendžia žmogaus kultūrinę orientaciją. XVI–XVII amžiaus pirmoje pusėje iškilo daug šviesuolių, suvokiančių būtinybę palaikyti tautinę orientacija. Nepriklausau tiems, kurie skleidžia mitus, esą tautiškumas suvoktas tik XIX amžiuje. A. Kulviečio, A. Vijūko-Kojalavičiaus veikla byloja, kad tautinis jausmas buvo suvokiamas dar Renesanso epochoje. Šiandien be jų veiklos būtų sunkiai suvokiamas to meto Lietuvos kultūrinis gyvenimas, lietuviškumo fenomeno formavimasis

The interest in the culture, history and language of one‘s country arose in the 16th century. Significant influence was made by the following persons from Kaunas and its suburbs: Abraomas Kulvensis, Petras Bludencius and brothers Albertas and Kazimieras Vijūkai-Kojalavičiai, professors at Vilnius University. In 1539, Abraomas Kulvensis (1510-1545) founded higher school in Vilnius. Its aim was to prepare young people for studies at universities. However, in 1542 the school was closed. The Duke of Prussia appointed Abraomas Kulvensis as his adviser and charged him with the task to arrange the draft of foundation of Karaliaučius University, later on he was appointed as a professor of this university. Abraomas Kulvensis was one of the first authors of Lithuanian texts which after his death were used in the First Lithuanian book by Martynas Mažvydas in 1547. A.Vijūkas-Kojalavičius (1609-1677) published the Lithuanian history in Latin in two tomes (1 t.-1656; 2 t.-1669) where he proves that the true history of the country may be written only by a representative of that nation. Analysing the origin of the Lithuanian state he thinks that it is the result of agreement between people (until then people fought against each other in order to survive). This conception by A.Vijūkas-Kojalavičius is close to „the public agreement“ theory by an English thinker Th. Hobbes (1588-1679)