Effect of the nitrogen and boron fertilisation on yield of winter triticale production

Abstract

The area sown with triticale in Poland constitutes about 34% of the area of this species in the world. European agriculture has also appreciated this species. In the last decade, the area sown with triticale increased by 30%. This undoubtedly confirms the growing position of this species (FAOSTAT 2018). The studies of winter triticale of the 'Twingo' variety were carried out, the aim of which was to know the production effects - expressed by the grain yield and its structure - under the influence of a varied level of nitrogen and boron fertilization. The 2-factor experiment was established using the random-split (plot) method in 4 replications. The first-order factor was nitrogen fertilization (kg ha"1): A - 30, B - 60, C - 90 (60 + 30), D - 120 (90 + 30), E - 150 (90 + 60). The second order factor was boron fertilization: a - 0 kg ha"1, b - 1.2 kg ha"1, c - 1.8 kg ha"1, d- 2.4 kg ha"1. Our statistical analysis of the results demonstrated a significant effect of the year of the experiments on the volume of yields of winter triticale. The difference in grain yields between the best and the worst year was 8.3%. In our trials, a significant increase in grain yields (by 0.76 t ha"1) was observed after an application of just 60 kg N ha"1. Raising the nitrogen fertilisation level to 90 kg ha"1 caused significantly higher grain yields. The highest yield was harvested from plots fertilised with 150 kg N ha"1, but the difference was not significant versus the 90 kg ha"1 dose. Boron applications statistically increased the yield compared with plots without boron fertilisation. The average values during 2013-2015 period indicate that 1000 grain weight, grain weight in ear and grain number in ear were higher on plots with boron fertilisation.