Climate and aridity change

Abstract

Significant global warming occurred in the twentieth century and especially in the most recent decades. Climate change is a complex phenomenon, accompanied by a wide variety of effects. Rapid alternation, between severe heat wave/drought and abundant rainfall/ flooding, is more and more obvious. The article presents the annual and vegetation season meteorological conditions changes at Kaunas (Lithuania), Horki (Belarus), Sisak (Croatia) and Sarajevo (Bosnia and Herzegovina) between 1996-2016. According to the aridity index, based on temperature and rainfall as weather parameters, this study analyzed the climate dryness risk. This study demonstrates how climate change affects traditional temperature and aridity zones. The movement of temperature and aridity zones could trigger ecosystem migration and land use change. However, the evidence and velocity of ecosystem migration and adaptation in response to the shifting of temperature and aridity zones require more research