Dirvožemio mikroskopinių grybų sudėtis skirtinguose medynuose

Abstract

Tyrimo tikslas - įvertinti mikroskopinių grybų pradų paplitimą 13 savaiminių ir introdukuotų rūšių dendroparko medynų dirvožemyje. Tyrimai atlikti 2017 m. spalio mėn. Daugiausiai rnikroskopinių grybų pradų buvo juodalksnio (Alnus glutinosa L.), vakarinės tujos (Thuja occidentalis L.) ir paprastosios pušies (Pinus sylvestris L.) medynų dirvožemyje, mažiausiai - amerikinio uosio (Fraxinus americana L.), paprastojo klevo (Acer platanoides L.) ir mažalapės liepos (Tilia cordata L.). Tirtų medynų dirvožernyje buvo aptikta 18 mikroskopinių grybų genčių, iš kurių 16 genčių priklausė aukšliagrybūnų (Ascomycota) skyriui. Trichoderma genties grybų išplitimas atskirų medynų dirvožemyje neigiamai veikė bendrą mikroskopinių grybų pradų gausumą

Along with bacteria, fungi are important as decomposers in the soil food web. Fungi convert hard-to-digest organic material such as the cellulose and lignin into forms that other organisms can use. Microscopic saprophytic fungi are dominant in forest soil, there fungi community compositions differed within tree species and soil quality. The study examined the abundance of microscopic fungi in the soil, horizon A (05 cm) of 13 native and alien tree species stands. Studies were carried out in October 2017, in the area of 2.5 ha on Endocalcari- Epihypogleyic Cambisols, stands age 5360 years. Most abundant microscopic fungi were in black alder (Alnus glutinosa L.), eastern arborvitae (Thuja occidentalisL.) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands soil and the least one in white ash (Fraxinus americana L.), Norway maple (Acer platanoides L.) and small-leaved linden (Tilia cardata Mill.) soil. 18 genus of microscopic fungi were found in the soil of investigated stands, the majority of which belonged to Ascomycota section. Penicillum and Trichoderma genus were found in the soil of all studied stands, Geomyces and Mucor were often found too. Geomyces genus were characteristic to all investigated coniferous tree stands. The highest number of fungi genus was identified in the soil of Alnus glutinosa, Thuja occidentalis, Fraxinus americana, and the lowest one in horse-chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum L.) and pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L. ). The most frequent Trichoderma genus fungi were in the soil of native broad-leave tree species stands pedunculate oak, Norway maple (Acer platanoides L.) and small-leaved linden (Tilia cardata Mill.). The least number of Trichoderma genus fungi were found in the soil of birch (Betulaceae) family and coniferous tree stands. According investigation results, spread of fungi of Trichoderma genus had negative influence on biodiversity and general abundance of microscopic fungi in the soil of investigated tree stands