Žemės dirbimo intensyvumo, šiaudų ir žaliosios trąšos įterpimo poveikis sliekų kiekiui ir vasarinių rapsų derlingumui

Abstract

Tillage related to plant farming is one of the most demanding works of all when it comes to the expense of labour, time spent and technological resources. Therefore, tillage systems of various intensity are important to establish to achieve the maximum fertility of agricultural plant farming. The aim of research: the establishment of the impact that tillage simplification has upon the earthworm amount, spring rape density and fertility. Stationary two - factor field experiment was established in Aleksandras Stulginskis University at the Experimental station in 1999. Factor A - the use of straw: straw removed (-Š); straw chopped and spread (+Š). Factor B - tillage systems: conventional deep ploughing at 23-25 cm depth in autumn (GA), control; shallow ploughing at 10-12 cm depth in autumn (SA); shallow loosening with tine coulter and disk implements at 8-10 cm depth in autumn (KL); shallow loosening with rotary cultivator at 5-6 cm depth before sowing (RK); shallow incorporation of green manure with rotary cultivator at 5-6 cm depth before sowing (ŽTRK) and no tillage, direct sowing (ND). In one field experiment part straw removed, and the other part chopped and spread. Both the backgroundwithout straw and spread at the background of the straw was investigated all tillage systems.The amount of earthworms was fewer by 75 percent in shallow loosening with rotary cultivator before sowing in comparison with deep ploughing. It was also established that the use of straw increases the earthworm biomass by 2.4 times. All simplified tillage's had a tendency to increase the earthworm biomass from 16.7 to 40.5 percent, except shallow loosening with rotary cultivator compared with deep ploughing. Shallow loosening with rotary cultivator in spring decreased the density of summer rapeseed by 16.2 percent compared with deep ploughing in autumn