GMO produktų naudojimo teisinis reguliavimas
| Author | Affiliation | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
LT | Kauno miškų ir aplinkos inžinerijos kolegija | LT | ||
Jankauskas, Rokas | Kauno kolegija | LT | ||
Mikalauskienė, Nerija | Kauno kolegija | LT |
| Date |
|---|
2016 |
GMO produktų naudojimas Lietuvos Respublikoje yra vykdomas vadovaujantis Europos Sąjungos direktyvomis ir reglamentais bei nacionaliniais teisės aktais. Svarbų vaidmenį atlieka ES institucijos – Europos komisija, Europos maisto saugos tarnyba ir ES valstybės narės, svarstančios galutinius sprendimus kaip GMO produktus panaudoti. Pagrindinis subjektas Lietuvoje, administruojantis ir prižiūrintis genetiškai modofikuotus organizmus – Aplinkos ministerijos Gamtos apsau-gos departamento Genetiškai modifikuotų organizmų skyrius. Šis skyrius atsako už patikimą GMO ir jų produktų reguliavimą, jų naudojimą. Sprendims priimant dalyvauja ir visuomenė, tačiau didesnės įtakos galutiniam sprendimo priėmimui ji nedaro.
The concept of genetically modified organisms both in national and EU law is essentially explained by analogy, that is, any occurring organism, other than a person, which by genetic engineering has been modified or acquired new properties which could lead to recombination and natural reproductive techniques. In some legislation, for example the order of the Minister explains the concept in more detail and clarity, the other - in EU legislation – in more abstract. The production and use of GMO products, involves several stages: risk assessment and security, admission of the release of the issuance, marking. These stages are strictly regulated by mandatory national and European Union provisions to ensure the consumers’ ineterests and environmental protection. GMO production and use involves of the competent authorities - the European Commission, the European Food Safety Authority, as well as EU Member States. GMOs are in use with the peaceful coexistence principle - each user has the right to independently decide on the use of GMOs. Public participation in GMO decision-making is more of a personal right. The national legislation, although it complies with EU directives, but does not allow the public to fully exercise these rights, because it denies full citizen participation - the majority just lack information on GMOs and have no reasoned opinion, the other part does not follow and is not interested in GMO - related information. The public is not yet interested and shows weak participation. More effective measures should be taken to ensure education and information.