Pakraščio efekto poveikis paukščių rūšių pasiskirstymui brandžiuose pušynuose šalia plynų kirtaviečių

Abstract

Data has been collected in pure pine forests and pine forests with spruces in Middle and East side of Lithuania in 2010-2012 years. There are 15 bird species analyzed. There have been four edge zones defines: 0-10; 10-30; 30-90 and 90-200 m from plot cutting edge in pine forest. First zone (0-10 m) is called Edge contact zone, here was observed mainly birds (5,86 birds average in 10 accounting). Main edge zone has been detected at 10-30 m from the edge. There were observed the minority of birds – only 2,67 birds average in 10 accounting. Intermediate zone has been detected at 30-90 m distance from edge. The bird number in this zone was increased (3,13 birds average in 10 accounting). Deep forest zone begins at 90 m from plot cutting edge (3,25 birds average in 10 accounting). All the bird species has been categorized in 4 types: edge contact zone birds (Anthus trivialis, Phylloscopus collybita and Phylloscopus trochilus – were mostly registered in edges); edge zone birds (Turdus merula, Dendrocopos major, Parus major– were observed mainly near edges); deep forest birds (Parus cristatus, Fringilla coelebs, Erithacus rubecula, Parus ater, Regulus regulus, Phylloscopus sibilatrix–are abundant in deep forest and near the edge are rare or not detected); not sensitive edge species (Turdus philomelos, Ficedula hypoleuca, Troglodytestroglodytes - influenced by other environmental factors)