Перспективы экологической безопасности технологических средств возделывания пищевого картофеля = Perspectives of ecological technological means for growing feed potatoes

Abstract

System of technological means, in which harmful chemical means were replased with ecological ones, was investigated. The object of the research were the following: green mulching on soil surface, mulching of insectiside plants in inter-rows, separation of lumps and stones by bulking small stones fraction into deepened technological tracks or crushing and spreading on soil surface, ender-tillage layer, anti-erosion notch treatment after potatoes been planted and haulm remowed, extermination of weeds and pests using alternative ecological methods. "Aiste" kind potatoes, which are resistant to Phytophthore. Due to rolling of notches after removing the haulm, only 3-5% of potatoes turn green. Green mulching and soil separation reduces soil hardness 200-300 kPa, the amount of lumps reselected in combine - 3 times, and amount of weeds - 2.5-3.4 times. Crushing smasll fraction stones reduces yield loss 3-6 times during first yers after removing stones, in comparison with the whole stones removing, as well as mechanical injuries of potatoes and pollution for 1.9 times, and soil layer becomes 3 times thinner.