Wpływ ściółki sosnowej i dębowej na wzrost sadzonek sosny i zbiorowiska grzybów mikoryzowych w warunkach szkółki leśnej

Abstract

The effects of pine and oak forest litter on mycorrhizal status of 2-year-old Pinus sylvestris L. seedlings grown in a bare-root nursery was investigated. The research was carried out in the nursery of Vilnius University Botanical Garden in Lithuania. Ectomycorrhizal communities were assessed by a combination of morphological and molecular techniques. Statistical analysis revealed significant effect of litter treatment on some growth parameters of seedlings: seedling height, needle dry weight and total seedling weight. The survival rate of seedlings was significantly highest for oak litter, intermediate for pine litter, and lowest for control soil. Pine seedlings were colonized by indigenous ecto- and ectendomycorrhizal symbionts. Seven mycorrhizal species (Suillus luteus, S. variegatus, Wilcoxina mikolae, Tuber sp., Tomentella sp., Cenococcum geophilum, Amphinema byssoides) were distinguished on the roots of pine seedlings as well as one ectomycorrhizal symbiont not identified to species level. In total, 6 mycorrhizal types were found in control soil, 5 in pine litter, and 8 in oak litter. Suilloid (S. luteus and S. variegatus) and Wilcoxina mycorrhizae were dominant on tested seedlings, irrespective of litter addition. Seedlings grown in untreated nursery soil were 34% colonized by W. mikolae, while suilloid mycorrhizae were dominant after litter treatment (81% in pine litter and 63% in oak litter). We may conclude that suilloid mycorrhizae are better adapted to the conditions related to litter addition than W. mikolae.