Analysis Results of Drainage Systems Stase Examination in Lithuania
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2009 |
Lietuvos Respublikoje yra 2,6 mln.ha drenažu nusausintu žemiu. Visos melioracijos infrastrukturos vert sudaro apie 22 milijardus litu. L šos, skiriamos drenuotu žemiu ir statiniu priežiurai ir remontui, yra nepakankamos ir neužtikrina ju normalaus darbo. Melioracijos statiniai kasmet nusid vi 2 procentais arba ju vert kasmet sumaž ja 100 milijonu litu. Vidutinis melioracijos sistemu nusid v jimas siekia 55 procentus. Straipsnyje analizuojami melioracijos sistemu ir statiniu bukl s ivertinimo rezultatai. 2006 m. atlikta melioruotu žemiu ir melioracijos statiniu bukl s analiz valstyb s, apskriciu ir savivaldybiu mastu, nustatyti drenuoti plotai, nenaudojami žem s ukyje, drenažo sistemoms, kurioms reikia remonto, rekonstrukcijos yra nebeapskaitomos, paruošti pasiulymai joms transformuoti i kitos paskirties žemes. Nustatyta, kad iš 2981,6 tukst.ha melioruotu žemiu ploto 220,153 tukst.ha (7,4%yra blogos bukl s. Iš ju 77% yra užmirkusios, 7% virte pelk mis, 9% – užstatyta, 1% – užsodinta mišku. Iš apskaitos siuloma išbraukti 35,39 tukst.ha melioruotu žemiu. Norint melioracijos priemon mis sudaryti geras salygas augalams augti, esamas melioracijos fondas turi buti nuolat ir tinkamai prižiurimas, atnaujinamas bei modernizuojamas, atsižvelgiant i naujo ukininkavimo ypatumus. Melioracijos sistemu gedimai dažniausia pasireiškia apleistuose žem s ukio plotuose.
It occupies approximately 8.5% of the whole drained area. Herewith 77 % of drained lands are waterlogged, 7% is forested, 7% of farming lands turned into marsh, 9 % was left for building purposes and less than 1 % was planted with forests. It is offered to exclude 35.39 thousand ha of drained lands of bad state from the account. Aim of the research is to evaluate and analyse the state of drainage systems in Lithuania. Inventory data is an important tool for planning new land reclamation systems or performing evaluation of land reclamation constructions. Drained land, estimation of the state, damage of drainage.
The most productive farming lands are drained lands in Lithuania. There are 2.6 million ha of land in the Republic of Lithuania drained by drainage systems. The value of the entire land reclamation infrastructure amounts to approximately 22 milliard Lt. Yearly investments for drained land and reclamation constructions maintenance and repair cannot ensure the normal functioning of reclamation systems. If we want to cope with future food requirements, it will be unavoidable to rehabilitate the existing drainage systems. There are not enough funds for renovation of all reclamation systems; therefore, the allocation of money has to be grounded economically. This task can be solved having the effective system for evaluation of drained lands and reclamation constructions. The article considers the results of the analysis and estimations of the technical state of land reclamation systems and constructions as well as drained lands from the agricultural viewpoint. The results of estimations of land reclamation systems and constructions carried out in 2006 resulted in finding of drained land unsuitable for agricultural activity, preparation of offers on their transformation to other lands and defining the volume of the repair, reconstruction and writeoff of land reclamation constructions. Longevity and capacity of drainage systems depend, on a large scale, on duly revelation of the reasons of damage of land reclamation systems and constructions of drainage systems. According to the evaluation results of 2006, there are 220.153 thousand ha of reclaimed land of bad state in Lithuania.