| Abstract: | Tiriant sudėtingus ir kontroversinius literatūros ir kultūros laikotarpius (būtent tokia ir yra pirmosios praėjusio šimtmečio pusės literatūrinė atmosfera), į laiškus reikia žiūrėti kaip į dokumentus, kurie vaizduoja to laikmečio kasdienybę. Todėl iš vienos pusės, mes turime progą stebėti rašytojo „kūrybinę laboratoriją“ (naudojamas stilistines, tematines, politines ir kt. raiškos priemones), o iš kitos pusės, galime pamatyti jo/jos asmeninius bruožus, moralinę laikyseną ir įsitikinimus. Šiame straipsnyje analizuojami Boriso Pasternako laiškai, parašyti gruzinams draugams, yra raštiškas liudijimas apie rašytojo tikėjimą vertimo menu, kūrybiškumą, žmogiškus santykius ir egzistencines problemas.
While analyzing complex and controversial literary and cultural periods (that’s exactly how the first half of the last century’s literary atmosphere appears to be), one needs to study the letter as a document which represents the realities of the everyday life of the era. Therefore, on the one hand, we have a chance to watch the writer‘s “creative laboratory” (the stylistic, thematic, political and other tendencies of his work) and, on the other, we can discover the creator‘s personal qualities, his moral postulates, and lifetime convictions. In the following article, we will discuss Boris Pasternak’s letters addressed to his Georgian friends. They are a kind of verbal fixation of Pasternak’s beliefs about the art of translating, creativity, human relations, and human existential problems. In monographs dedicated to Pasternak, literary critics always discuss the writer’s visits to Georgia. Pasternak visited Georgia for the first time in the 1930’s. He met Paolo Iashvili in 1930, while the latter was visiting Moscow. Paolo invited him to Georgia; in 1931, Boris visited Tbilisi for three month. He met the best Georgian intellectuals, such as Titsian Tabidze, Giorgi Leonidze, Simon Chikovani, Nicolo Mitsishvili, Lado Gudiashvili, and others. Boris had only the best relations with these persons for the rest of his life. Messages and conversations between Pasternak and the Georgian poets lasted for thirty years and are a perfect proof of the fact that Pasternak called Georgia his “second homeland.” |
