The role of different transformational leadership behaviors on effective management : leaders‘ and subordinates‘ perception

Abstract

Researchers and practitioners agree that leadership is a key subject of organizational performance in the twenty first century. Challenges (constant changes, growing competitiveness, complexity of projects, etc.) in the business and organizational environment demand specific leaders’ abilities. Transformational leadership is widely investigated modern leadership theory that analyzes particular leaders‘ behaviors. According to Podsakoff, et al. (1990), there are six key behaviors associated with transformational leaders: identifying and articulating a vision, providing an appropriate model, fostering the acceptance of group goals, high performance expectations, providing individualized support and intellectual stimulation. Although results of various studies confirm the correlation between transformational leadership and effective management, individual differences of perceivers should be included in the analysis. Besides, there is a lack of research where different transformational leadership behaviors would be evaluated. So, the purpose of the current study was to produce a model of transformational leadership behaviors and management effectiveness explaining leaders’ and subordinates’ perception. 198 leaders (mainly middle management positions) and 438 subordinates from various Lithuanian organizations participated in the survey. All participants filled up the questionnaire consisting of Transformational Leadership Behavior Inventory (TLI), Rokeach Value Survey (RVS), and Management Effectiveness Scale. Social factors were tapped by socio-demographic questions.[...]