Paprotys paleisti pasmerktąjį prašant merginai : 1769 m. įvykio Vilniuje analizė

Abstract

Tyrinèjant nusikalstamum^^ Lietuvos Didziojoje Kunigaikstystéje (toliau LDK) kaip socialini reiskini butina atkreipti démesine tik iprocesus, bet ir {pavienius ¿vykius. Viena vertus, nagrinéti juos svarbu todél, kad kartais vienetiniai reiskiniai, netgi atsitiktinumai neretai sukelia svarbiii pokyciit visuomenéje, kita vertus, kartais is pirmo zvilgsnio unikalus reiskinys, istyrinejus ji, pasirodo kaip svarbus kokio nors savaimingo proceso elementas. Lietuvos valstybés istorijos archyve ieskant istorinés medziagos apie kriminalinius nusikaltimus Vilniaus regione XVIII a. perziûrétos Vilniaus pavieto pilies teismo einamiyn reikalii protokolii bylos ir rasta byla, tapusi sio straipsnio pagrindu. Tai - viena 1769 m. [tariamosios apklausa. Septyniolikos meti^ mergina Magdalena Daskeviciüté (Daszkiewiczówna) pasakojo teismui, kaip ji sieké isgelbéti mirti nuteist^ Motiejn Bockovski (Maciej Bockowski / Boczkowski) uzmesdama ant jo skraistç, tikédamasi, kad po sio poelgio nuteistasis bus paleistas ir taps jos vyru. Rüpéjo suzinoti, kas galéjo paskatinti jaun^ zmogn tokiam dr^siam ir netgi drastiskam poelgiui.[...]

The article analyses a situation of an historical perplexity. In 1769 in Vilnius seventeen-year old girl Magdalena Daskevioiûté attempted to save nobleman Maciej Boczkowski convicted for murder. She wanted to throw a cloak on the man condemned to death hoping that his life would be spared and they would get married. However, her attempt was a failure, the sentence was carried out and M. DaskeviôiOté herself was taken into the castle prison. The paper explores possibilities which might have lead; to the belief that the condemned person could have been released. A custom to release a condemned man at a request of a girl (and sometimes to release a condemned woman at a request of a young man) comes from the Middle Ages, though it existed in the early modem period both in the Western Europe and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (mostly in the territories of the present-day Poland and Ukraine). The last data of attempt to release a man convicted to death at a request of a girl come from early nineteenth century. The custom was not applied frequently. There is no data ofthe custom in question in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania after Lublin Treaty.[...]