Evaluation of synergy of antimicrobial activity of the essential oils and phenolic compounds extracted from Angelica archangelica L. species

Abstract

Angelica is a herbaceous plant about 1.5 m high, cultivated in Europe. The plants blooms from june to august. The plant is characterized by spindle shaped, fleshy roots, an erect stalk, alternate leaves, and greenish-yellow flowers with an inferior ovary; the seeds are oblong with an off-white colour. Angelica oil is reportedly used in the medicinal, pharmaceutical and cosmetic products and includes a fragrance for soaps, detergents, perfumes and creams. A complex mixture of compounds, the oils is composed mainly of limonene, α-pinene, d-α-phellandrene, β-carophyllene, linalool, borneol acetaldehyde and four macrocyclic lactones and various coumarins. This research focuses on phytochemistry and antimicrobial activities of compounds isolated and identified from species Angelica archangelica L. This is a novel study of synergistic effects between phenolic fraction and essential oils. The antimicrobial activity of extracts from Angelica archangelica L. leaf and root originated from the sector of medicinal plants, Kaunas botanical garden of Vytautas Magnus University Lithuania, were tested by the method of series dilutions, against different bacteria species. Investigated microorganisms were Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris and Staphylococcus aureus with and without antibiotic resistances originating from livestock. The antimicrobial activities of extracts were described by determination of the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). Preliminary results show that the MIC range between 5.0 % and 14.0 % of the extracts for the different Angelica archangelica L. extracts and bacterial species. The total amounts of phenolic compounds and total amounts of flavonoids were tested in the methanolic extracts of the plants. [...]