Lithuania

Abstract

Lithuania, a country of emigration, saw recent slight rises in immigration, mostly returning Lithuanians. Neighbouring Belarusians, Russians and Ukrainians are increasingly attracted to come and work or study, depending on economic conditions. Since 2007, policies still provide non-EU newcomers with slightly unfavourable integration opportunities, one of the weakest of all 31 MIPEX countries. Their chances to reunite with their families, settle as long-term residents or fight a discrimination case are average for Europe, because of EU law. Since 2007, discrimination victims have negligibly better options to enforce their rights, following European trends. Policies make the labour market no more attractive than in most Central European countries with few immigrants. Lithuania, like the other Baltic countries, has restricted political opportunities and citizenship paths more than most European countries, while schools are some of the least prepared to welcome all types of migrant pupils. The major challenge across integration policy is the discretion left to authorities and the uncertainty created for foreign residents. Migrant workers, family members, longterm residents and citizens are some of the most insecure in their status in Europe.[...]