Verslo subjektų veiklos efektyvumo skirtumai ir konkurencijos formos

Abstract

Straipsnyje teigiama, kad verslo dalyvių veiklos efektyvumo skirtumus lemia nevienodas novatoriškumas. Šio teiginio argumentacija leidžia skirti du aktyviųjų verslo subjektų tipus - novatorius ir imitatorius. Imitatoriai, kaip mažiau efektyvūs verslo subjektai, labiau kopijuoja negu įgyvendina inovacijas. Tuo tarpu novatoriai, kaip labiau efektyvūs verslo subjektai, orientuojasi į inovacijų kūrimą ir įgyvendinimą. Autorių nuomone, imitatoriai labiau konkuruoja kaina arba žemesne kokybe. Straipsnio pabaigoje formuluojama išvada, kad didėjant efektyvumui didėja naudojamų konkurencijos formų įvairovė

Traditionally, economic and business management literature analyses the competition forms or strategies of business enterprises independent of the efficiency of their activities comparing to their competitors. There are distinguished the well-known competition forms like competition by price and/or by quality but this literature does not make an answer to the question: What kind of differences are of the less efficient (than average) firms comparing them with the more efficient firms in terms of competition? The article deals with this problem theoretically, using different and integrated levels of analysis, e.g. micro-macro analysis. First of all, the concept of "efficiency" is discussed. Most importantly, the limitations of various "real efficiency" terms (for example, real labor or total factor productivity) are revealed and it is argued in favor of "nominal (not deflated) efficiency" terms, because business activity is profit or money seeking activity which does not always result in more quantities of serviceable products to consumers or society in general