Žirnio (Pisum) genties augalų kai kurių veislių grybinių ligų sukėlėjai

Abstract

The paper presents the main results and conclusions of 16 cultivars of Lithuanian origin belonging to Pisum genus, of family Fabaceae made of field collections at the the Botanical Garden of Vilnius University during 2000–2006. Disease-causing agents were found on above-ground parts. A total of 16 fungal taxa were identified. The most common genera included Alternaria, Botrytis, Cladosporium, Erysiphe and Fusarium. The most pathogenic fungi were found on Pisum cultivars: ‚Delta‘, ‚Erbi‘, ‚Grafila‘, ‚IP-5‘, ‚Neosypajuščijsia 500‘, ‚Perla‘ and ‚Profi‘. Fungi of genera Alternaria, Botrytis, Cladosporium, Fusarium were commonly found on follicles, Erysiphe – on leaves. Rots caused by Botrytis cinerea, Thielaviopsis basicola and Fusarium genus fungi usually occur under prolonged periods of low air and soil temperatures and high relative humidity. Prolonged periods of high air temperature and high relative humidity are favourable for the occurrence of powdery mildews Erysiphe pisi and leaf spots caused by Ascochyta pisi and Alternaria phaseolicola. It has been concluded, that some cultivars: ‚Greitieji‘, ‚Rainiai‘ of the Pisum plants are quite resistant to the fungal diseases.