Bažnytinio giedojimo atlikėjai ir jų liturginė funkcija

Abstract

Straipsnis skirtas liturginio sambūrio dalyviams aptarti. Jame pristatomos vadovo pareigos, susijusios su giedojimu ir vadovavimu jam, psalmininko (kantoriaus) funkcija bei choro, schola cantorum ir liturginio sambūrio funkcijos ir pareigos. Analizuojant liturginio sambūrio dalyvių funkcijas, remtasi trumpa jų istorine apžvalga, pateiktos Vatikano II Susirinkimo liturginės reformos nuorodos bei gairės

The article is devoted to the discussion of liturgical assembly participants. Gathered believers (assembly) are liturgical participants “now and here” under the guidance of a priest. Besides, they all have to take part in a process actively. Nevertheless, not every does what is needed! All believers gathered in a Mass can and have to participate in such a way that lies with their consecration and functions. Hence, “by performing their office during the liturgical service, a priest as well as believers do only that and all that what lies with the nature of a subject and liturgical regulations”. Each liturgical assembly has its leader. Greek word proistanai (to lead, to direct) is translated to Latin as praeesse which literally means to be ahead, to be in front of. Christ is in front of Christians. He is the head of the Church. In our liturgy, a liturgical leader expresses this fundamental truth notably. Liturgical act has its leader who, as a prayer leader, directs an assembly effectively. The leader is a celebrant, i.e. he prays and conducts sacred acts. The liturgical reform of the Second Vatican Council has renewed psalmist’s function by renewing a response psalm during the Mass, i.e. ipso facto. Institutio Generalis Missalis Romani separates a psalmist and lecturer’s functions but does not give him a separate consecration. What concerns transitional chanting, the Instruction also talks about a psalm chanter, psalmist himself: he “chants strophes of a psalm from a stand or another suitable spot and all the gathered sit, listen, and join by chanting together”. In the regulations, the psalmist’s duty is ascribed to special services. The Second Vatican Council indicates concrete and fairly clear guidelines: “Let choirs be developed with care, especially at cathedrals”.[...]