Sielovados principai šv. Benedikto regulos tekste

Abstract

Ankstesnių tyrimų rezultatai, aptarti straipsnyje „Sielovada šv. Benedikto reguloje“, padėjo įvardyti ne tik sielovados sampratos kaitą prieš šv. Benedikto regulos paplitimą ir vėliau, bet ir regulos išplitimo priežastis vykdant misijas. Tai pagrindas norint suvokti, kokio pobūdžio sielovada atskleidžiama reguloje. Šiame tęstiniame straipsnyje analizuojami šv. Benedikto reguloje nurodyti trys pagrindiniai sielovados principai: tylos pastoracija, tarnystės ir liturgija, kuri yra viso vienuolinio gyvenimo esmė. Atskleidžiamas regulos naujumas, lyginant su Mokytojo regula, ir šio sielovados mokymo įtaka Vakaruose

An overview of the changes in the perception of pastoral care from historical perspective, i.e. in the Patristic era (see my article “The Pastoral Care in Rule of St. Benedict“) allows for taking a deeper glance at the nature of pastoral care as presented in the Rule of St. Benedict with a particular focus on its novelty and impact in the West. In his Rule, St. Benedict puts an emphasis on the pastoral care of silence, which encompases humility, obedience and openness to God. Such perception of pastoral care became an evangelizing force not only in the local area of the monastery but it also had a far and wide spread by the help of missionaries. The pastoral care of silence is at the background of all ministries, which serve as tools for putting this kind of pastoral care into practice. St. Benedict describes various forms of pastoral care as ministries: proclamation, teaching, friendship, service, administration and worship. He laid the foundations for the rise of hospitals and nursing by the use of prayer therapy. He introduced a new perception of hospitality. He paid a considerable attention to brotherly relations in the monastery. As the patriarch of Western monasticism, St. Benedict made liturgy the center and the cornerstone of monastic activity, i.e., pastoral care. He emphasized the relation between liturgy and prayer. In comparison to the Rule of the Master, the Rule of St. Benedict is different and novel. He adds chapters related to the pastoral care of silence and expands the perception of liturgy. The emphasis put on the equilibrium changed the perception of ministries, which make an important part of pastoral care. By the help of pope Gregory the Great, St. Benedict’s teaching on pastoral care penetrated into all spheres of the Church. The communal singing, which appeared in the Church, was based on the singing of the Benedictine Liturgy of the Hours. [...]