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Kauno miesto bendrojo lavinimo mokyklos nacių okupacijos metais (1941-1944)
Date Issued | Issue | Start Page | End Page |
---|---|---|---|
2005 | 6 | 173 | 186 |
In the summer of 1941, the schools of Kaunas city experienced a new trial as the domination of the Soviet Union on the region was replaced by the Nazi occupation. The Lithuanian Provisional Government established after the anti-soviet rebellion of June 1941, started the reform of educational institutions what affected the structure of Kaunas schools system. A big number of constitution and Russian language teachers were fired. Furthermore, nearly all educational institutions of national minorities were closed with exception of one primary schools where all subjects were taught only in the Russian language. In autumn 1941, the Nazis allowed all educational institutions which were untouched by the reform of the Lithuanian Provisional Government to start their work. However, the activity of the majority of schools was estimated as temporary. The occupational Nazi authorities required to eliminate all former Komsomol and children of soviet activists from schools and to pay more attention to teaching of German. Also, pupils had to carry out a variety of labour service obligations. Secondary and primary schools subordinate to the Education Board of Kaunas were forced to work under difficult conditions. The military forces of Germany, military hospitals and other occupational institutions were using the premises of schools for their own needs. Moreover, pupils and teachers had to carry out all kinds of labour services and were recruited into the military service of Germany. In spite of these difficulties, the number of pupils in Kaunas schools was increasing until the end of the Nazi occupation. The data shows that in the autumn of 1941, 9,432 of pupils were studying at primary schools and 4,680 of students were studying at secondary schools. Furthermore, in the autumn of 1943, the number of students in primary schools increased up to 11, 975 and the number of students studying at secondary schools appeared to be 5,607.