Gyvas veikėjas ar sąlyginė figūra? : simbolistinio neoromantizmo poetika lietuvių dramaturgijoje

Abstract

Lithuanian Neo-Romantic drama is represented by two distinct trends - psychological and symbolic. The article concentrates on the analysis of symbolic poetry. The type of symbolism that prevailed in Lithuanian drama could be best defined as constructive. The emergence of this type of symbolism was marked by M.Šiaulėniškis’ (M.Šikšnys’) ’’Wings”, 1906 (published 1907) and Vydūnas’ ’’The Shadows of Ances tors”, 1908. Later this manner of writing was evident in the dramaturgy of P.Vaičiūnas, Vydūnas, L.Gira, S.Santvaras, V.Krėvė, V.Mykolaitis-Putinas, S.Čiurlionienė, M.Pečkauskaitė, M.Vaitkus and others. Most dramas, written by the authors mentioned above, are characterized by a planned symbolism. The characters are flat, of a puppet-like type, and simply repre sent general qualities and ideas thus balancing on the boundary between symbolism and allegory. These particular features were criticised by some competent pre-war Lithuanian literary critics, B.Sruoga and J.A.Herbačiauskas among them. It should be noted, however, that a number of these features (eg allegorization, static characters,etc.) are characteristic of European symbolic Neo-Romantic drama as such. This is clearly evident in the creative tendencies and works by M.Maeterlinck, G.Hauptmann, J.Rainis and L.Andrejev.