Lietuvių etnomuzikologinės terminijos ištakos kun. T.Brazio (1870-1930) moksliniuose darbuose

Abstract

One of the most important scholars in the folk music research, at the beginning of the 20th century, was the priest Teodoras Brazys (1870 - 1930). T.Brazys was born near Bauskė village (Latvia). He has got his first musical education from the Pabiržė church organist. Later he started music studies in Kaunas, and the organist Juozas Kalvaitis was his teacher. T.Brazys started his career as organist in the churches of Josvainiai, Pabiržė, Žvingiai. He came to Vilnius in 1896 and graduated from clergy seminary here. T.Brazys had his basic musical studies in Regensburg (Germany) and in 1907 became professor and vicar at Vilnius clergy seminary as well as conductor of church orchestra here. He started his Lithuanian folk song collecting and researching activities in 1917, and collected about 2000 folk songs up to 1923 in Perloja, Kietaviškės, Daugai, Merkinė and other Dzūkija region villages. T.Brazys became professor at Žemaitija clergy seminary in 1923. He started as the first prelate at the newly established Kaišiadorys diocese in 1924. T.Brazys died in Germany, 1930. Buried in churchyard of Kaišiadorys cathedral.His main scholary studies in the field of ethnomusicology and whole Lithuanian musicology were published by T.Brazys in 1918 -1928. They were based on the studies of theory of music, musical harmony, analysis of the melodic lines of Lithuanian folk songs, theory and praxis of church psalms singing, etc. At that time there was no full and complete ethnomusicological terminology in Lithuanian language, and T.Brazys together with other important scholars M.Petrauskas, M.Biržiška, A.Sabaliauskas, etc. star ted creating it in his writings. So we can find a great number of specific, newly created terms proposed by T.Brazys and used by him and his colleagues in the first part of 20th century. At the present time some of them are not in use, some of their meaning is changed generally, and some of them even sound funny now. Here is the collection of ethnomusicological terms, used in those old times, and proposed by T.Balys in my article. I made their classification in the following way: 1. Melodic tunes, steps, modes, lines and other peculiarities of Lithuanian folk songs. 2. Rhythmic constructions, metre, measure bars in the Lithuanian folk songs. 3. Other terms in elementary theory of music here (notes, tunes, melodies, tones, musical sounds an their notation, sharps and flats, keys, intervals, melodic volumes and ranges, chords, dynamics, accents, musical syntax, cadences, melismatic sounds, etc.) 4. Terminology for the one and two voices singing tradition. It is very important for contemporary ethnomusicologists to compare updated and old scholar terminology here and to make studies in this field. This was the main goal of the article presented here.