Influence of skilled athletes’ altitude training on erythropoiesis and angiogenesis processes

Abstract

The influence of altitude training exercises on the content of the HIF-1α factor induced by hypoxia, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and erythropoietin (EPO) in blood serum of athletes specialized in cyclic sports is studied in the article. The system approaches adaptation under the conditions of mountains, the analysis of compensatory resources, and an increase in the level of resistance of organism under the action of stressors at various levels (hypoxia, high temperature and humidity, violation of biological rhythms, etc.) as well as the search for new criteria of estimation and prediction of physical workability – the ones of the actual questions concerning estimation of efficiency and increase in the individualization of athletes training process. The HIF-1α factor controls a number of genes involved in various cellular functions, including the glycolysis, proliferation, and differentiation of cells. The HIF-1α-dependent activation of the expression of the gene of VEGF, which is the principal angiogenic factor responsible for the growth of new blood vessels, is critically crucial for skeletal muscles. The synthesis of EPO, which is a key regulator of erythropoiesis, is also connected with enhanced expression of HIF-1α. The purpose of the work was the construction of an algorithm for the markers use of individual skilled athletes’ adaptation to altitude trainings. [...]