The dynamics of the cultivation of lentils in Akmola region

Abstract

Culture of lentil (lat. Lens culinaris) interesting, rare legume, which in Kazakhstan recently began to cultivate, and in the Akmola region for the first time, brown lentils Wehowsky varieties were sown in 2015. Work on the zoning of this crop in Akmola region continued in subsequent years, and the yield was 21.6 centners per hectare (S= 351 ha), thereby exceeding the yield of wheat. This culture is promising in the agronomic aspect, as it is suitable for direct harvesting. The protein content of lentils is second only to soy and 2 times higher than wheat. It is practically established that when sowing lentils, should be used large and clean seeds, the best soil for growing lentils is black soil, the soil temperature during sowing should not be lower than 6-7C. For row sowing, the distance between rows was 15-20 cm, and between plants 10-12 cm, the seed rate of 70-85 kg / ha, the depth 3-5cm and sowing time from 10 to 25 of May, the air temperature should be in the range of 15-20C. The formation of a equal shoots were observed on day 6-8, full bloom occurred 40-45 days after germination and the growing period lasted for 75-85 days. The results of high yields in 2015-2016 years 21,6 centners per hectare (S= 351 ha) and 21,7 centners per hectare (S= 5000 ha) due to favorable conditions, the presence in the soil of sufficient moisture, which is not to say about the dry summer of 2017. The reason for the low yield of brown lentils 12.2 centners per hectare (S= 421 ha), was insufficient rainfall before and during flowering plants. The following 2018 year was unfavorable for this culture. Excessive rainfall led to long-term disease (ascochitosis) of the plant, resulting in a yield of 12 centners per hectare (S=1600 ha).[...]