Applied Economics: Systematic Research Address: Vytautas Magnus University Faculty of Economics and Management S. Daukanto 28, room 312, Kaunas, Lithuania Phones +370 37 327 857/327 856 Fax +370 37 327 857 E-mail econ@evf.vdu.lt

The founder and publisher of the magazine: Vytautas Magnus University

Editorial Board

Dr., prof. Rolf Jens Brunstad, NHH, Norwegian School of Economics and Business (Norway)
Habil dr., prof. Vladimir Busov, Moscow State University of Management (Russia)
Habil dr., prof. Jonas ÄŒepinskis, Vytautas Magnus University (Lithuania)
Habil dr., prof. Remigijus ÄŒiegis, Vytautas Magnus University (Lithuania)
PhD, prof. Joao Ricardo Faria, University of Texas Pan American (USA)
Habil dr., prof. Kristina Levišauskaitė, Vytautas Magnus University (Lithuania)
Habil dr., prof. Zigmas Lydeka, Vytautas Magnus University (Lithuania)
PhD, prof. Anders Lunander,  Örebro University (Sweden)
Dr., prof. Giovanni Pegoretti, University of Trento (Italy)
Dr., prof. Rajesh K. Pillania, Management Developement Institute(MDI) (India)
Habil dr., prof. Violeta PukelienÄ—, Vytautas Magnus University (Lithuania)
Habil dr., prof. Ardak Nauryzbayevna Sakhanova, The Kazakh National Pedagogic University named after Abai (Kazakhstan)
PhD, prof. Pasquale M. Sgro, Deakin University (Australia)
Habil dr., prof. Vytautas Snieška, Kaunas Technological University (Lithuania)
Dr., prof. Mart Sõrg , University of Tartu (Estonia)
Habil dr., prof. Povilas Zakarevičius, Vytautas Magnus University (Lithuania)
Dr., prof. Elvyra Zelgalve, University of Latvia (Latvia)
PhD, prof. Amalia Morales Zumaquero, University of Malaga (Spain)

Editor's Address – About the journal

“Applied Economics: Systematic Research” is the second journal from the journal’s family issued by the Faculty of Economics and Management at Vytautas Magnus University in Lithuania. The first one – “Management of Organizations: Systematic Research” has been serialized since 1995.
“Applied Economics: Systematic Research” was established by a group of scholars realizing the inconvenience caused by the present lack of scientific publications in the field of Economics in Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia as well as other new members and countries candidates of European Union. The promoters of this initiative share the need for a critical scientific reflection of the original economic processes especially in the countries of Eastern and Central Europe. “Applied Economics: Systematic Research” will continue traditions of the present trends of economic research, propose themes for discussion and promote debates and evaluations on the progresses of economic studies. Journal aims at taking into consideration those fields of economics, which offered the most interesting innovations in Lithuanian and international economic studies in the last decade, promoting a space where the different trends in research can meet and be compared.
I am very proud to have such qualified members of Editorial Board for the journal. They represent the leading scientists in economics of their countries. The broad geographic coverage of countries represented by the members of Editorial Board allows to expect the different attitudes and scientific standpoints of them. We have members from UK, USA, Norway, Russia, Sweden, Italy, Kazakhstan, India, Australia, Estonia, Latvia, Spain and Lithuania. I thank all of them for the kind acceptance of invitation to work together.
I appreciate understanding and supporting the idea of publishing a new journal by Rector of the Vytautas Magnus University professor Zigmas Lydeka. Being one of the leading Lithuanian scientists in the field of economics, he without a moment’s hesitation accepted an idea and found needful resource for publication.
“Applied Economics: Systematic Research” has been published by Vytautas Magnus University Press and deposited at the main libraries in Lithuania. This means that authors, who publish in the journal, are guaranteed:

• the bibliographical descriptions of their papers;
• the inclusion in some international databases – first of all in EBSCO Business Source Complete database;
• the preservation in time of their works with guarantee of the authenticity of the publication.

“Applied Economics: Systematic Research” proposes itself as a highly informative edition and aims at offering scientific papers, reflections in accordance with the present trends in contemporary economic research and teaching practice; it also addresses itself to a larger audience (researchers, teachers and students) as well as to all those, who are interested in the subject. Texts and materials published by “Applied Economics: Systematic Research” are peer-reviewed by the members of Editorial Board or other qualified experts.

If you have any comments about the journal, please get in touch at econ@evf.vdu.lt. 

Prof. Pranas Zukauskas
Editor

The Journal "Applied Economics: Systematic Research" is reviewed in:

• Databases of Information and Learning Limited ProQuest http://www.proquest.com
• EBSCO Publishing, Inc. Business Source Complete database http://www.epnet.com

General requirements for the papers

“Applied Economics: Systematic Research” is a scientific journal covering systematic research as well as reviews of important scientific works and events in economics, finance, econometrics, and statistics.
The journal is being reviewed in such databases as EBSCO (Business Source Complete) and ProQuest.

                 Please read and follow these instructions carefully; doing so will ensure that the publication of your manuscript is as rapid and efficient as possible. The Publisher reserves the right to reject or return manuscripts that are not prepared in accordance with these instructions.

Manuscript Requirements

       Work submitted for publication must be original, previously unpublished, and not under consideration for publication elsewhere.

Articles should be no more than 10 - 15 pages in length (A4 size pages). The paper should be prepared using the text preparation system Microsoft Word (Microsoft for Windows) and the Times New Roman font (12pt, single). In case the paper exceeds the normal length, the Editors' consent for its publication is needed.

Pre-acceptance English language editing

Authors for whom English is a second language may choose to have their manuscript professionally edited before submission or during the review process.
English-language editing will:

• Improve grammar, spelling, and punctuation
• Improve clarity and resolve any ambiguity caused by poor phrasing
• Improve word-choice and ensure that the tone of the language is appropriate for an academic journal.  

Requirements for structure

Articles submitted for publication in Journal should include the research aim and tasks, with detailed methodology, presenting literature overview on the research object, substantiation of the achieved results and findings, conclusions and a list of references. Manuscripts should be arranged in the following order of presentation.

First page:

• Title (no more that 10 words), autobiographical note (the author's full name, scientific degree, academic affiliation, address, telephone, fax and e-mail address). Respective affiliations and addresses of co-authors should be clearly indicated.
• A self-contained annotation in English of up to 250 print characters, describing the research.
• Up to five keywords, which encapsulate the principal subjects covered by the article;
• JEL classification, indexing all keywords according to the JEL classification (please, refer to http://www.aeaweb.org/journal/jel_class_system.html).

Subsequent pages:
Introduction with a research object, target and methods indicated; main body of the text with headings; conclusions, a list of references.

Last page:
A self-contained abstract/summary/resume in English of no less than 3000 print characters, describing the research.

References:
Documentation should be presented in author-date style, with all cited references collected in an alphabetical list titled “References.” This list should start a new page in the manuscript file. Every work cited in the text, notes, appendixes, tables, and figures must appear in the References. For two or more publications by the same author(s) in the same year, list them alphabetically by title and use 2003a, 2003b.
In text, for three authors, write out all the names the first time cited, and for citations thereafter use the first author's last name with “et al.” For four or more authors, use the first author's name and “et al.” every time.

Cite references in text by last name of author and year, usually in parentheses (e.g., Johnson, 1996, 1998; Yang, 1997a, 1997b; OECD, 2001; Knowles, Garces-Ozanne, 2003). If the name of the author cited is part of the text, only the date should appear in parentheses: “P. Johnson (1996) emphasizes this in his study; other views are also expressed by A. Becker (1991), D. Cleland et al. (1998), and W. H. Knight and P. B. Song (1999).”

 Examples of the proper format are as follows:

Journals
Lynne, G. D. (1999). Divided Self-Models of the Socioeconomic Person: The Metaeconomics Approach // Journal of Socioeconomic. Vol. 28, No.3.

Books
 Becker, G. S. (1991). A Treatise on the Family. 2nd ed. - Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Essay in edited collection
 Cleland, J., Kaufmann, G. (1998). Education, Fertility, and Child Survival: Unravelling the Links / In The Methods and Uses of Anthropological Demography, ed. A. M. Basu and P. Aaby. - Oxford: Clarendon.

Paper presented at a conference
 Bai, N. (2001). March Forward to the City or Return Back to the Country: A Study of the Returned Rural Laborers. - Paper presented at the 2001 Labor Flow Conference, Beijing, July 4-6.

Working papers
 Johnson, D. G. (1999). Agricultural Adjustment in China: Problems and Prospects. - Working paper, University of Chicago, Department of Economics.

Dissertation
 Meng, E. C. H. (1997). Land Allocation Decisions and In Situ Conservation of Crop Genetic Resources: The Case of Wheat Landraces in Turkey. - PhD diss., University of California, Davis.

Statistical data sources and internet sources
 Statistical Office of Lithuania. (1997). Statistical Yearbook of Lithuania. - Vilnius: Lithuania.
 Statistics South Africa. South African Population Census 1996. Internet access: http://www.statssa.gov.za/census96/. [Accessed April 16, 2006].
 U.S. Department of Agriculture. Agricultural Statistics of Former USSR Republics and Baltic States, 1996. Internet access: http://www.ers.udsa.gov/data/sdp/view.asp?f=international/93009/. [Accessed May 16, 2001].

Tables. 
Each table should be numbered consecutively, with a descriptive title and cited in numerical order in the text. Each column must have a heading describing the data in the column below. Footnotes and accompanying explanatory material should be kept to a minimum. Prepare tables in a consistent manner and as simply as possible.

Figures.
Figures should be numbered in the order mentioned in the text. Letters, numbers, and symbols should be clear and of sufficient size to be legible in the event figures must be reduced. It is possible you may be asked to revise figures as part of your manuscript revision. The pictures and figures should be prepared in black and white colors. They are accepted only in: tif, jpeg, gif, cdr, bmp, eps, doc, rtf ir xls formats.

Policies

Evaluation of manuscripts. Manuscripts will be considered for appropriateness to the Journal by the Editorial Board. Those manuscripts considered appropriate will be sent to outside experts for review; those not appropriate will be declined outright. The manuscripts are evaluated by Scientific Editor, who recommends either accept, reject, or return the manuscript to the authors for revision. A request for revision does not guarantee the article will be accepted for publication.
 
Offprints. Each author will receive 1 complimentary copy of the issue in which the manuscript appears. Authors must pay for any additional copies they wish to order.

Notice of acceptance. The corresponding author for a manuscript accepted for publication will receive a formal letter of acceptance and production schedules.

The manuscripts could be send by e-mail: econ@evf.vdu.lt or by Post:

Scientific journal:
“Applied economics: systematic research”
VYTAUTAS MAGNUS UNIVERSITY
Faculty of Economics and Management
S. Daukanto st. 28 - 312, Kaunas LT 44246
Lithuania